Anter
- Rula inoa ʻepekema
- Pehea ka ʻokoʻa o kahi ʻokoʻa mai nā ʻāpana?
- ʻO kekahi ala e hoʻomaopopo ai i ka wehewehe ʻana o nā laha
- Nā laʻana o nā laha
- Nā Subspecies o ka lāhui holoholona
- Nā subspecies o nā ʻano mea kanu
- Nā Subspecies o ka ʻano protista
- Nā subspecies o nā fungi a me nā lichens
Hoʻomaopopo ʻia e ʻano laha i kahi hui a i ʻole hoʻonohonoho o nā mea ola (holoholona a me nā aupuni mea kanu) e kaʻana like i nā loina, nā ʻano a me nā ʻano kino e like me kekahi a ʻokoʻa hoʻi mai nā poʻe ʻē aʻe. Hiki i kekahi laha ke hiki ke male a interbreed a hana i nā keiki momona.
Māhele nā ʻano i ka hui DNA like, kahi e hoʻomaopopo ai nā meaola o nā ʻano like i kekahi i kekahi me ke ʻano like.
Rula inoa ʻepekema
Hōʻike nā lula nomenclature i kūlike i ka ʻepekema hoʻākāka e hōʻike i 5 mau ʻano mea like ʻole:
- Nā holoholona
- Mea kanu
- Nā mea kanu i mahi ʻia
- ʻO bacteria
- Virus
Ma loko o kēlā me kēia ʻano, hiki ke hoʻoholo i kekahi mau subclassified a i ʻole nā subspecies. Hoʻomaopopo ʻia kahi subspecies kahi mea ulu a hoʻomohala paha i nā lāhui. Loaʻa nā ʻāpana i nā anatomical, physiological a me nā lawena a i ʻole ke ʻano lawena e pili ana i nā ʻano a lākou e pili ai, akā he mau ʻano ʻē aʻe paha kā lākou o ka adaptability i ke kaiapuni. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻo ka wolf Mekiko kahi subspecies o ka ʻīlio hihiu hina.
Pehea ka ʻokoʻa o kahi ʻokoʻa mai nā ʻāpana?
Mai ka noiʻi ʻepekema ʻike maʻalahi ʻia ia mai ka wā, ʻoiai he hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha mau inoa o ka laha, ua hoʻohui ʻia kahi inoa ʻekolu i nā subspecies. Ke hoʻomau nei me ka laʻana o ka lāhui wolf hina, loaʻa iā ia ka nomenclature Canis lupus, ʻoiai nā subspecies o ka wolf Mekiko i ʻōlelo ʻia ma Canis Lupus Bayleyi (a i ʻole Baileyi).
ʻO kekahi ala e hoʻomaopopo ai i ka wehewehe ʻana o nā laha
ʻOiai ʻaʻohe wehewehe ʻia e pili ana i ka honua e pili ana i ka manaʻo o nā laha, e noʻonoʻo ʻia ke ala aʻe o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā mea ola, nona nā ʻano ʻokoʻa he 29, kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa me nā ʻohana a i ʻole nā hui.
ʻO kahi laʻana: ʻo ka liona a me kahi ʻīlio. Loaʻa nā ʻelua i loko o ka holoholona, akā pili i nā ʻohana ʻokoʻa: ka liona (Panthera leo) no ka ʻohana felidae, ʻoiai ka ʻīlio (Canis lupus familiaris) no ka ʻohana canidae.
Nā laʻana o nā laha
| Agnatos: 116 | Crustaceans: 47,000 | Mosses: 16,236 |
| Algae ʻōmaʻomaʻo: 12,272 | Spermatophytes: 268,600 | Nā ʻē aʻe: 125,117 |
| Amphibians: 6,515 | Nā haʻuki: 1,021 | Iʻa: 31,153 |
| Nā holoholona: 1,424,153 | Nā Ferns: 12,000 | Nā mea kanu lāʻau: 281,621 |
| Arachnids: 102,248 | Fungi: 74,000 -120,0004 | Mea kanu: 310,129 |
| Nā Arches: 5,007 | Nā Pepelu: 1,000,000 | Nā Kūpale: 55,0005 |
| Nā Manu: 9,990 | Invertebrates: 1,359,365 | Nā mea kolo: 8,734 |
| Pākuʻi: 10,0006 | Lichens: 17,000 | Nā Tunicates: 2,760 |
| Nā Cephalochordates: 33 | Nā Mamamoe: 5,487 | Nā Virus: 32,002 |
| Nā Chordates: 64,788 | Nā Mollusks: 85,000 |
Nā Subspecies o ka lāhui holoholona
| Acanthocephala: 1,150 | Echinodermata: 7,003 | Nemertea: 1,200 |
| Annelida: 16,763 | Echiura: 176 | ʻOnychophora: 165 |
| Arachnida: 102,248 | Entoprocta: 170 | Pauropoda: 715 |
| Arthropoda: 1,166,660 | ʻO Gastrotricha: 400 | Pentastomide: 100 |
| Brachiopoda: 550 | ʻO Gnathostomulida: 97 | Phoronid: 10 |
| ʻO Bryozoa: 5,700 | Hemichordata: 108 | Placozoa: 1 |
| Cephalochordata: 23 | Pepelu: 1,000,000 | Platyhelminthes: 20,000 |
| Chaetognatha: 121 | Kinorhyncha: 130 | ʻO Porifera: 6000 |
| Chilopoda: 3,149 | Loricifera: 22 | Priapulida: 16 |
| Chordata: 60,979 | Mesozoa: 106 | Pycnogonida: 1,340 |
| Cnidaria: 9,795 | Mollusca: 85,000 | Rotifera: 2,180 |
| Crustacea: 47,000 | Monoblastozoa: 1 | Sipuncula: 144 |
| Ctenophora: 166 | Myriapoda: 16,072 | Symphyla: 208 |
| Cycliophora: 1 | Nematoda: <25,000 | ʻEleʻele: 1,045 |
| ʻO Diplopoda: 12,000 | Nematomorpha: 331 | Urochordata: 2,566 |
Nā subspecies o nā ʻano mea kanu
| Amborellaceae: 1 | Equisetophyta: 15 | Marchantiophyta: 9,000 |
| Nā Angiosperms: 254,247 | Eudicotyledoneae 175,000 | Monoctyledons: 70,000 |
| ʻO Anthocerotophyta 100 | Nā haʻuki: 831 | Mosses: 15,000 |
| Austrobaileyales: 100 | ʻO Ginkgophyta: 1 | Nymphaeaceae: 70 |
| ʻO Bryophyta: 24,100 | ʻO Gnetophyta: 80 | Ophioglossales: 110 |
| Ceratophyllaceae: 6 | Nā Ferns: 12,480 | Nā conifers ʻē aʻe: 400 |
| Chloranthaceae: 70 | Lycophyta: 1,200 | Pinaceae: 220 |
| Cycadophyta: 130 | Magnoliidae: 9,000 | Nā Psilotals: 15 |
| Nā Dicots: 184,247 | ʻO Marattiopsida 240 | Pterophyta: 11,000 |
Nā Subspecies o ka ʻano protista
| ʻO Acantharia: 160 | ʻO Dictyphyceae: 15 | Mixogastria:> 900 |
| Actinophryidae: 5 | Dinoflagellata: 2000 | Nucleohelea: 160-180 |
| Alveolata: 11,500 | Euglenozoa: 1520 | Opalinata: 400 |
| Amoebozoa:> 3,000 | Eumycetozoa: 655 | ʻO Opisthokonta |
| Apicomplexa: 6,000 | Eustigmatophyceae: 15 | Amoebozoa ʻē aʻe: 35 |
| Apusomonadida: 12 | Hōʻali: 2,318 | Parabasalia: 466 |
| Arcellinide: 1,100 | Foraminifera:> 10,000 | Pelagophyceae: 12 |
| Archaeplastida | Moekolohe: 146 | Peronosporomycetes: 676 |
| Bacillariophyta: 10,000-20,000 | Glaucophyta: 13 | Phaeophyceae: 1,500-2,000 |
| ʻO Bicosoecida: 72 | Haplosporidia: 31 | Phaeothamniophyceae: 25 |
| Cercozoa: <500 | Haptophyta: 350 | Pinguiophyceae: 5 |
| Choanomonade: 120 | Heterokontophyta: 20,000 | Polycystinea: 700-1,000 |
| Choanozoa: 167 | ʻO Heterolobosea: 80 | Preaxostyla: 96 |
| Chromista: 20,420 | Hyphochytriales: 25 | Protostelia: 36 |
| Chrysophyceae: 1,000 | Jakobida: 10 | Raphidophyceae: 20 |
| Ciliophora: 3,500 | Labyrinthulomycetes: 40 | Rhizaria:> 11,900 |
| ʻO Cryptophyta: 70 | Lobosa: 180 | Rhodophyta: 4,000-6,000 |
| ʻO Dictyostelia:> 100 | Mesomycetozoa: 47 | Synurophyceae: 200 |
Nā subspecies o nā fungi a me nā lichens
| Ascomycota: ~ 30,000 | Basidiomycota: ~ 22,250 | Nā ʻē aʻe (microfungi): ~ 30,000 |
