ʻO nāʻokikene hao (nāʻokikene maʻamau)

Anter

• Nomenclature o nā mea hao hao hao
• Nā laʻana o nā oxide kumu a metallic paha

ʻO ka nā mea hoʻoheheʻe hao (ʻike ʻia ʻo nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kumu) ʻo nā hui i hoʻomaka ʻia mai ka hui pū ʻana o kahi metala a me oxygen, me ke kikoʻī o ka hoʻopili ʻia e kahi loulou i kapa ʻia ionic.

Loaʻa iā lākou ka hiʻohiʻona o ka paʻa a me ke kiko o hoʻohuihui kiʻekiʻe loa (ʻo ia nō ka mea maʻamau o lākou, ʻokoʻa i ka non-metallic oxides nona ka haʻahaʻa o kekahi).

ʻO ka nā mea hoʻoheheʻe hao maʻamau lākou crystalline a ma ka liʻiliʻi e hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai. Maikaʻi nā mea hao hao hao kalaiwa ka wela a me ka uila, a ʻo ia ke kumu e hoʻohana mau ʻia ai lākou no kēia mau kumu.

I loko o kāna haku mele, metallic oxides he mau hui binary o kahi metala me ka oxygen, me ka mea hope e hana nei me ka helu ʻokikene -2.No laila, pono e noʻonoʻo i nā valences o ka metala i komo i loko o ka hopena me ka oxygen, e loaʻa ka manaʻo o ka nui o nā atoms o ka element e pono ai e hoʻololi. kēlā me kēia atoma ʻo oxygen.

• E nānā pū: Nā laʻana o kaʻOxidation

Nomenclature o nā mea hao hao hao

ʻO nā oxides o kēia ʻano he kikoʻī e pili ana i kā lākou hoʻomana, ʻoiai ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka inoa ʻana i kēlā me kēia mea ʻoiai like nā helu like i kekahi manawa i nā helu ʻoka ʻokoʻa.. I ka hanana o ka mea kōkua i ka oxygen i hoʻokahi helu helu ʻokikene, ʻo ke ala kuʻuna o ka inoa ʻana he 'oxide o (a me ka mea e pili ana)'.

Ke loaʻa ʻelua mau helu hoʻoheheʻe o ke kōmike, e kapa ʻia ia he oxide (a me ka mea e pili ana, me ka hopena ʻo 'pea'Inā ʻo ka helu hoʻohaʻahaʻa i hoʻohana ʻia ma lalo, a'ʻIko'Ke nui ka helu). ʻO ka mea hope loa, inā ʻoi aku ka nui o nā helu ma mua o ʻelua mau helu hoʻoheheʻe (hiki iā ia i ʻehā) ʻike ʻia ka nui o nā valence a hoʻohui ʻia ka hopena -ico, -oso, hypo-bear, a i ʻole per-ico e like me ia. ʻO kēia ka nomenclature kuʻuna, eia nō naʻe he mau koho ʻē aʻe e like me ka helu waiwai a i ʻole atomic.

Nā laʻana o nā oxide kumu a metallic paha

1. ʻAilika ʻoka (Cu₂A I OLE). Hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia kēia keleawe keleawe i ka wai a me nā mea hoʻoheheʻe kūlohelohe.
2. ʻRickika kīʻaha (CuO). ʻO ia ke keleawe keleawe me ka helu ʻokikene kiʻekiʻe loa. Ma ke ʻano he mineral ua ʻike ʻia ia he tenorite.
3. ʻĀpana kōkōlō(CoO). He monoorganide inorganic ia me kahi ʻōmaʻomaʻo ʻōmaʻomaʻo a ʻulaʻula paha i kona ʻano crystalline.
4. Auric oxide (Au₂A I OLE₃). ʻO ia ka oxide paʻa paʻa o ke gula. He ʻulaʻula ʻulaʻula kona, a ʻaʻohe hiki ʻole i ka wai.
5. ʻO ka titanium oxide (ʻAnakala₂₎. ʻIke maoli ia i kekahi mau minelala, i kahi ʻano spherical. He inexpensive, palekana, a me ka nui.
6. Zinc oxide (Z_nA I OLE). He hui keʻokeʻo ia, a ʻike ʻia ʻo ka hoʻohui kiniki keʻokeʻo. Māmā iki ia i ka wai akā hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i nā waikawa.
7. Nika ʻoka (ʻAʻole pū kekahi₂A I OLE₃). He hui ia o nickel (loaʻa iā 77% nickel i kāna ʻano). ʻIke ʻia ia he ʻeleʻele nickel oxide.
8. ʻAukake kālā (ʻAk₂A I OLE). ʻO kēia hui kahi ʻeleʻele a ʻeleʻele maikaʻi paha i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻomākaukau i nā hui kālā ʻē aʻe.
9. ʻOkside Mercuric (HgO). ʻO ka Mercury (II) oxide kahi hui pū me kahi ʻalani a ʻulaʻula paha, kū ʻia ia i kahi kūlana paʻa i ka mahana wela.
10. ʻOxic oxide (ʻO CrO). ʻO kahi chromium inorganic a me ka hui oxygen.
11. ʻAilika Barium (Kukui).
12. ʻOxic oxide (Cr₂A I OLE₃). He hui inorganic ia i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he pigment, chromium green.
13. Popo popo (PbO). Me kahi kala ʻalani e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ia i nā ceramic a me ka ʻoihana kemika.
14. ʻOkside Permanganic.
15. ʻOksidoma Ferrous (ʻInoʻino)
16. ʻAilika Ferric (Manaʻoʻiʻo₂A I OLE₃)
17. Kalepona ʻoka (CaO)
18. Pāpaʻi lika (Li₂A I OLE). 
19. ʻAihu kūpaʻa (ʻO SnO).
20. ʻOkside kūpaʻa (SnO2).

Hiki iā lākou ke lawelawe iā ʻoe:

• Nā laʻana o ʻOxide
• Nā laʻana o nā Wahi Aeto
• Nā laʻana o AcidʻOksides
  
• Nā laʻana o nā Non-Metallic Oxides