Anter
ʻO ka metamorphosis he hoʻololi i hiki ʻole ke hoʻoliʻiliʻi, kahi hanana i kū i ke ʻano o kekahi mau holoholona. ʻIke mākou iā ia i kekahi mau holoholona e like me ka dragonfly, ka butterfly a me nā rana.
Ua lawe ʻia kēia manaʻo e nā hana o nā moʻomeheu like ʻole. ʻO kahi laʻana, nā kaʻao a me nā kaʻao o nā moʻomeheu i kahi mamao loa e like me ka Helene kahiko a me nā lāhui ʻAmelika mua o Columbian, ka mea e haʻi i ka loli o nā kānaka a i ʻole nā akua i nā holoholona a me nā mea kanu.
ʻO ka maʻamau, loaʻa nā holoholona i nā hoʻololi o ke ʻano a me ka physiological i ka ulu ʻana o ka embryonic. Akā he aha ka mea e ʻokoʻa ai nā holoholona ʻeha metamorphosis, ʻo kēia mau hoʻololi ma hope o ka hānau ʻana.
ʻOkoʻa kēia mau hoʻololi ʻana mai nā hanana ma muli o ka ulu ʻana (hoʻololi i ka nui a hoʻonui ʻia o nā hunaola), ʻoiai i kēia mau, ka loli l occurs ma ka pae pae pae. ʻO kēia mau hoʻololi nui i ka physiognomy e hōʻike pinepine i ka loli i ka wahi noho a me ke ʻano o nā laha.
Hiki i ka metamorphosis ke:
- Hemimetabolism: Hele ka mea i kekahi mau loli a hiki i kona lilo ʻana i makua. I loko o kekahi o kēia mau pae ʻaʻohe hana a hoʻomau mau ka hānai ʻana. I nā wā ʻōpio ʻole, like nā mākua me nā mākua, koe wale no ka loaʻa ʻole o nā ʻeheu, ka nui, a me nā mākua ʻole. Kāhea ʻia kēlā a me kēia o nā wā ʻōpio he nymph.
- Holometabolism: Kapa ʻia ia he metamorphosis piha. ʻOkoʻa ka mea i kiko mai ka hua manu mai ka makua a kapa ʻia he larva. Aia kahi pae pupal, kahi pae i hānai ʻole ʻia ai ia, a ma ka nui ʻaʻole neʻe, i uhi ʻia i loko o kahi uhi e pale ai iā ia i ka wā o ka hoʻonohonoho hou ʻana o nā pūnaewele a me nā meaola.
Nā laʻana o ka metamorphosis
Dragonfly (hemimetabolism)
ʻO nā arthropod lele, he ʻelua mau eheu aniani moakaka. Hatch lākou mai nā hua manu i hoʻomoe ʻia e ka wahine ma kahi kokoke i ka wai a i ʻole i kahi kai. Ke hatch mai nā hua manu, he nū ka dragonflies, ʻo ia hoʻi he ʻano like lākou me nā mākua akā me nā pākuʻi liʻiliʻi ma kahi o nā ʻeheu, a me ka ʻole o nā gonad oʻo (nā hua hānau).
ʻAi lākou i nā larvae mosika a noho i lalo o ka wai. Hāhā lākou i loko o nā aniani. Hiki ke pae hope i waena o ʻelua mau mahina a me ʻelima mau makahiki, kaukaʻi ʻia i ka laha. Ke hiki mai ka metamorphosis, puka ka dragonfly mai ka wai a hoʻomaka e hanu mai ka ea. Lilo i kona ʻili, ʻae i nā ʻeheu e neʻe. ʻAi ʻo ia i nā nalo a me nā makika.
Mīhini māhina
Ke hatch mai ka hua manu, he jelly nā polyps, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā koʻokoʻo me ke apo o ka tentacles. Eia naʻe, ma muli o ka hōʻiliʻili o kahi protein i ka wā hoʻoilo, lilo nā polyps i jellyfish makua i ka wā puna. ʻO ka protein i hōʻiliʻili ʻia ke kumu o ka huna ʻana o kahi hormone e lilo ai ka jellyfish i makua.
Pepeiao (hemimetabolism)
He pepeke me nā antennae pōkole, lau nahele. He wāwae ikaika ko ka makua i ʻae iā ia e lele. I kahi ala like i nā dragonflies, ke hatch lākou i ka ʻūhini i lilo i nymph, akā i kēia hihia ʻano like lākou me nā mākua.
Mele (Holometabolism)
Ke kū mai i ka hua manu, aia ka butterfly ma ke ʻano he larva, i kapa ʻia he ʻenuhe, a ʻai ʻo ia i nā mea kanu. ʻO ke poʻo o nā ʻenuhe he ʻelua antennae liʻiliʻi a ʻeono mau maka o nā maka. ʻAʻole hoʻohana wale ʻia ka waha no ka ʻai akā aia kekahi mau glands e hoʻopuka ai i ka siliki, a ma hope e hoʻohana ʻia ai kahi kōpena.
Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia ʻano he lōʻihi kikoʻī o ka pae larval, a hoʻololi ʻia e ka mahana. Kapa ʻia ka papa pupal i ka butterfly ka chrysalis. Noho paʻa ʻole ka chrysalis, ʻoiai e hoʻololi ʻia a hoʻoponopono hou ʻia nā mea: ʻo nā ʻāpana silikena i lilo i glands salivary, lilo ka waha i proboscis, ulu nā wāwae, a me nā hoʻololi koʻikoʻi ʻē aʻe.
Noho kēia mokuʻāina ma kahi o ʻekolu pule. Ke hoʻokumu ʻia ka butterfly, ʻoi aku ka lahilahi o ka cuticle o ka chrysalis, a haki ka butterfly a puka i waho. E kali ʻoe i hoʻokahi hola a ʻelua paha no ka paʻakikī o nā ʻeheu e lele.
ʻO Bee (Holometabolism)
Hatch ka larva o ka nalo meli mai kahi hua keʻokeʻo elongated a noho i ke keʻena kahi i waiho ai ka hua. Keʻokeʻo nō hoʻi ka larva a i nā lā ʻelua mua e hānai ia i nā jelly aliʻi mahalo i nā pi nēnē. Hoʻomau ia i ka hānai ʻana i kahi jelly kikoʻī, kaukaʻi ʻia inā he meli wahine wahine a i kahi meli hana.
Uhi ʻia ke keʻena kahi e loaʻa ai i ka lā ʻeiwa ma hope o ka pā ʻana. I ka wā o ka prepupa a me nā pupae, i loko o ke keʻa, hoʻomaka nā wāwae, antennae, eheu, ulu ka ʻōpū, ʻōpū a me nā maka. Hoʻololi mālie kona kala a lilo i makua. ʻO ka manawa e noho ai ka nalo meli i waena o 8 mau lā (mōʻī wahine) a me 15 mau lā (drone). ʻO kēia ʻokoʻa ma muli o ka ʻokoʻa o ka hānai ʻana.
Nā rana
ʻO nā rana he amphibians, ʻo ia hoʻi ke noho nei lāua ma ka ʻāina a me ka wai. Eia nō naʻe, i nā pae e kū nei i ka hopena o ka metamorphosis, noho lākou i ka wai. Kāhea ʻia nā larva i hua mai nā hua manu (waiho i loko o ka wai) i nā tadpoles a ʻano like me ka iʻa. ʻAʻau lākou a hanu i lalo o ka wai, ʻoiai he ʻaila kā lākou. Hoʻonui ka nui o nā tadpoles a hiki i ka hiki ʻana o ka manawa o ka metamorphosis.
I loko o ia mea, nalowale nā gills a hoʻololi ke ʻano o ka ʻili, e ʻae ana i ka hanu cutaneus. Lilo pū lākou i kā lākou huelo. Loaʻa iā lākou nā mea hou a me nā lālā, e like me nā wāwae (nā wāwae hope ma mua, a laila nā forelegs) a me nā dermoid glands. ʻO ka iwi poʻo, i hana ʻia i ka cartilage, lilo i iwi. I ka pau ʻana o ka metamorphosis, hiki i ka rana ke hoʻomau i ka ʻauʻau ʻana, akā hiki nō ke noho ma ka ʻāina, ʻoiai ma nā wahi mehana mau.
