Anter
A kiʻi paʻi kiʻi kahi hiʻohiʻona hiʻohiʻona e wehewehe i nā manaʻo a me nā pilina. Hopu nā pakuhi helu helu i nā ʻike manaʻo a helu paha a hōʻike i ka pilina o kēia ʻikepili me kekahi. Nui a hewahewa nā ʻano kiʻi e pili ana i ka ʻikepili āu e makemake ai e hoʻoiho, e laʻa me: pakuhi ʻaukā, pakuhi pai, nā papa hoʻohelelei.
ʻO nā kiʻi kiʻi kahi mea hana nui i nā helu helu. Hoʻomoʻa lākou i ka nui o ka ʻike ma kahi wahi liʻiliʻi, kahi e kōkua ai i ka heluhelu a me ka hoʻopili ʻana o ka ʻike i kahi ala wikiwiki a maʻalahi hoʻi. Hiki iā lākou ke hoʻouna i ka ʻike hoʻokele, ka nohona kanaka, ʻepekema, ʻike ʻenehana. O kahi laʻana: nā hopena o nā koho balota o nā luna aupuni a i ʻole panalāʻau, nā kūʻai aku o kahi ʻoihana, ka ʻikepili o ka helu kanaka, ka pilina ma waena o ka wikiwiki a me ka wikiwiki.
Nā ʻano pakuhi
Aia nā ʻano like ʻole o nā pakuhi, ʻo ke koho ʻana o ke ʻano o ka pakuhi e hoʻohana ai i ka ʻano o ka ʻikepili i loaʻa (qualitative a me ka nui) a me ka nui o ka ʻike.
- Pakuhi Cartesian. ʻO ia ka papahana pakuhi maʻamau. Kāhea ʻia ʻo Cartesian no ka hoʻohanohano ʻana iā René Descartes, kālaiʻike Pelekane a me ka makemakika. Pili kēia mau kiʻikuhi i nā loli kūʻokoʻa ma ka axis X (abscissa) me nā loli hilinaʻi ma ka axis Y (ordinate) ma kahi ʻōnaehana o nā koʻi orthogonal e ʻeʻe ma kahi kiko. O kahi laʻana: pakuhi, laina, a i ʻole nā kiʻi pakuhi.
- Nā kiʻi paʻi kiʻi ma nā kiʻi geometric. He kiʻi lākou i lawe ʻia i nā kiʻi geometric like ʻole. O kahi laʻana: pie a pai pie paha, pakuhi ʻōhū, a me nā pakuhi spider.
- Nā polokalamu uila He kiʻi helu lākou i hopu i ka ʻike ma nā palapala ʻāina.
ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o nā pakuhi ʻē aʻe, e laʻa me, laʻana, ʻelua mau ʻōnaehana axis Y, kī kī, nā hōʻike ʻekolu dimensional, nā ʻikepili i hōʻiliʻili ʻia.
Nā laʻana pakuhi helu
- Pakuhi laina
Hoʻohana ʻia ka pakuhi laina e hōʻike pehea e loli ai kahi loli i ka manawa. I kēia ʻano pakuhi, ua hoʻohui ʻia kahi mau helu e nā laina pololei, ma waena o lākou āpau, e hoʻokele e hōʻike i nā dinamika maʻamau a ʻoi paha o ka hana o kekahi mea e pili ana i kahi loli ʻē aʻe. ʻO kahi laʻana, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hōʻike ai i ka loli ʻana o ka mahana o ke kūlanakauhale i nā makahiki ʻelima i hala.
I mea e kaha ai i ka pakuhi laina ma ka pepa, pono e huki i nā koʻi ʻelua e hea ana iā lākou me ka mea hoʻololi a lākou e hōʻike ai. ʻO kahi laʻana: X: mahina o ka makahiki; Y: mahana. A laila e hoʻokomo i ka laulā a me ka pālākiō o kēlā me kēia loli. E kaha i kēlā me kēia ʻikepili me kahi kiko a hoʻohui i nā kiko me kahi laina.
- Kiʻi kiʻi pā
I ka pakuhi a i ʻole nā kolamu kolamu, pili kēlā me kēia waiwai ma ka axis X i kahi waiwai ma ka axis Y e hoʻoholo ana i ke kiʻekiʻe o kahi kolamu. He waiwai nui lākou no ka hoʻohālikelike ʻana i nā nui. ʻO kahi laʻana, hiki ke hōʻike i ka helu o nā kamaʻāina o ke kūlanakauhale e like me ka makahiki.
I mea e kaha ai i ka pakuhi laina, pono e huki ʻia nā koʻi ʻelua i ka inoa ʻana iā lākou me ka loli e hōʻike ana. ʻO kahi laʻana: X: pae makahiki; Y: ka helu o nā kamaʻāina. A laila e hoʻokomo i ka laulā a me ka pālākiō o kēlā me kēia loli a huki i nā kaola e hui pū ana i ka ʻike mai nā loli ʻelua.
- Pakuhi pai
Kapa ʻia kekahi pie chart, hōʻike ia i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i kahi huina i hāʻawi ʻia i nā ʻāpana like ʻole. He mea waiwai nui ia no nā hihia i ʻike ʻia ka mea paʻa loa, a ʻo ka mea nui e ʻike i ke ala i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ai i nā ʻāpana he nui. ʻO kahi laʻana, hiki ke hōʻike i ka pākēneka o nā balota i loaʻa i kēlā me kēia pāʻina politika i ke koho balota.
No ka paʻi pie pono ʻoe e kahakiʻi i kahi pōʻai me kahi panana. E kaha i ka radius o ka pōʻai a me kahi protractor e hoʻomaulia i kēia ʻikepili. Waihoʻoluʻu i kēlā me kēia māhele o ka pōpō me kahi kala.
- Pāhola pāhola
Hoʻohana wale ʻia ia ma nā hihia o nā hui i kauoha ʻia, me ka manaʻo e ʻike i ke ʻano o ka pilina i hoʻokumu ʻia ma waena o nā loli. ʻO nā pilina a pau i ʻike ʻia ma waena o ka loli o kekahi axis a me kekahi o nā mea ʻē aʻe e hōʻike ʻia me nā kiko, a hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kekahi ʻano. Ma aneʻi, hoʻohālikelike ʻia i kahi kū laina. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia, no ka laʻana, no ka kaohi maikaʻi o kekahi huahana.
- Pakuhi ʻāpana paʻa
Hoʻohana ʻia ia i nā hihia kahi āu e makemake ai e uhi like i ka hana maʻamau o nā pakuhi kolamu (hoʻohālikelike i ka nui o nā nui) a me nā pakuhi pie (e hōʻike i ka mahele no kahi huina i ʻike ʻia). Hana ʻia nā mea ʻelua, e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i kahi huinahā lōʻihi ma kahi o ka pōʻai.
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano pakuhi, no ka laʻana, i ka pakuhi i kēlā me kēia pule, mahina a i ʻole kūʻai makahiki paha o kekahi huahana.
- Pakuhi hoʻoliʻiliʻi
Hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano pakuhi e hōʻike i nā nui akā me nā loli i loaʻa iā lākou, a me ko lākou hopena i nā loli. ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka laina ka mea e wehewehe ai i kēlā fluctuation.
Hoʻohana ʻia ka pakuhi fluctuation, i kahi mea i ʻoi aku ka nui, e pakuhi ai i nā fluctuations ma ka mākeke waiwai.
- Kiʻi Spider
Kūleʻa lākou no nā hihia o ke kālailai ʻana i nā hopena, kahi i loaʻa ai ka maximum o kēlā me kēia loli. Hana ʻia kahi kiʻi geometric me nā mea ʻoi loa e like me nā loli e hoʻohālikelike ʻia a hoʻohui ʻia nā kiko o nā ʻike i ʻike ʻia.
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano pakuhi, no ka laʻana ma kēia hihia, e kaha kiʻi i ka nui o nā hoʻouna huahana i nā ʻāina ʻē aʻe i ka makahiki 2011 a me 2012 ma Palani, Brazil, ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Kina, Iapana a me Kelemania.
- Pakuhi ʻaukā paʻa
I ka pakuhi ʻaukā i hoʻopili ʻia, hoʻohana ʻia kahi pakuhi pā hoʻokahi e hōʻike i kekahi mau mea i ka manawa like. No kēlā me kēia waiwai o "x" nui nā waiwai o "y". Pono e hana ʻia i kahi ala hoʻonohonoho me nā kala like ʻole, a pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia ma aneʻi ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia ka huina ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā ʻano, ʻo ia ka hihia me nā wahi i hoʻākoakoa ʻia.
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia ʻano pakuhi e kaha kiʻi, no ka laʻana ma kēia hihia, ka helu o nā wahine a me nā kāne i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e nā makahiki i kahi ʻāina i hāʻawi ʻia. ʻAe kēia pakuhi iā mākou e ana i ʻelua mau loli i ka manawa like (nā kāne a me nā wahine).
- Pakuhi Pyramid
Hāʻawi ka pakuhi pyramid i ka manawa like e hōʻike i ke alapine o kekahi ʻano loli i nā wahine a me nā kāne (ʻo kahi laʻana, makahiki). Ke piʻi ʻoe i luna, hoʻemi ke alapine a lawe ka pakuhi i ke ʻano o kahi pyramid.
Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ia e hoʻolei i nā hopena helu kanaka.
- ʻO polygon pinepine
ʻAe iā ʻoe e wehewehe i kahi kaila honua ma o ka hui ʻana i nā midpoints o nā alapine o kēlā me kēia wā ma ka pakuhi pā (nā māka papa).
Hana ʻia lākou mai kahi histogram pinepine (kolamu kū i luna). ʻOi aku ka maʻamau o lākou i ka ʻepekema kanaka a me ka pilikanaka ma mua o ka ʻepekema kūlohelohe a pololei hoʻi.
- Nā polokalamu uila
He kiʻi lākou i hana ʻia ma nā palapala ʻāina. Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻano kikoʻī a i ʻole nā kūmole e hōʻike i nā hopena a puni kekahi kūlana a hanana paha.
ʻO kahi laʻana: balota o nā koho balota o ka pelekikena e ka ʻāina a i ʻole ka ʻāpana.
- Hoʻomau me: nā helu Vector a me ka scalar
