Anter
ʻO ka galaxy he mau pūʻulu nui lākou o nā hōkū e launa pū me ka gravitationally, a huli mau i kahi kikowaena maʻamau. Aia he mau haneli trilliona o nā galaxies i ke ao holoʻokoʻa, ʻo kēlā me kēia mea i ʻoi aku ma mua o hoʻokahi miliona mau hōkū i kēlā me kēia manawa, e ʻokoʻa ana ka nui, ke ʻano, a me ka ʻōlinolino.
ʻO ka Honua Honua, e like me ka ʻōnaehana solar holoʻokoʻa, no kekahi o kēlā mau galaxies i kapa ʻia Milky Way (translatable as 'milk milk'), e hali nei i kēlā inoa no ka mea i ʻike ʻia mai ka Honua, ua like ka galaxy me kahi stain waiū i ka lani.
He aha nā mea i hana ʻia ai? ʻO nā hōkū, nā ao ao, nā paneta, ka lepo o ka honua, nā mea pouli, a me ka ikehu nā mea e kū pono i kahi galaxy.I ka manawa like, kekahi o nā substructures e like me nebulae, nā huhui hōkū, a me nā ʻōnaehana hōkū he nui nā galaxies.
Hoʻokaʻina
Hāʻawi nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o nā galaxie i ka hoʻokaʻawale morphological, mai kēlā me kēia hui i kekahi ʻano.
- ʻ .kala galaxy: ʻAi aku lākou i ko lākou inoa i ke ʻano o kā lākou mau pāpaʻi kahi i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ai nā hōkū, ke kinoea a me ka lepo i nā lima loli, e hele ana i waho mai ka waena waena o nā galaxies. Hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā lima ʻoniʻoni ʻoi aku a ʻoi iki paha ma kahi o ke kikowaena waena, a waiwai i ka ʻaila a me ka lepo me kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka hōkū.
- Nā galax elips: Loaʻa iā lākou nā hōkū kahiko, a no laila ʻaʻohe o lākou ʻaila a me ka lepo.
- Nā galaxy kaulike ʻole: ʻAʻohe o lākou ʻano a aia i waena o lākou nā galaxies liʻiliʻi loa.
Mōʻaukala
Kuhi pinepine ʻia ka astronomer Persian al-Sufi ʻo ia ka mea mua e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ke ola o nā galaxies, a laila i ka Frenchman Charles Messier ma ke ʻano he compiler mua, ma ka hopena o ka kenekulia XVIII, o nā mea hōkū ʻole i hoʻopili ʻia ma kahi o kanakolu mau galaxies.
ʻO nā galaxies āpau kahi kumu a me kahi evolution, ka mea i hana mua ma kahi o 1000 miliona mau makahiki ma hope o ka big-bang. No loko mai ke aʻo ʻĀtoma hydrogen a me helium: me nā fluctuations o nuʻa ʻo ia ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā hanana nui e kū, a laila hāpai i nā galaxies e like me ka mea i ʻike ʻia i kēia lā.
Hope
I ka wā e hiki mai ana, e manaʻo ʻia ana e hana ʻia nā hanauna hou o nā hōkū ke loaʻa nā ao polohiwa o nā hydrogen i ko lākou mau lima.
ʻAʻole palena iki kēia hydrogen akā aia kahi lako palena, no laila ke pau ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hōkū hou e pau ana: i nā galaxies e like me ka Milky Way, manaʻo ʻia ke hoʻomau nei ke au o ka hōkū i kēia manawa no nā makahiki he haneli biliona e hiki mai ana, e hōʻole i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o nā hōkū liʻiliʻi e mae.
Nā laʻana o nā galaxies kokoke i ka Honua
E helu ʻia nā helu nui o nā galaxy ma lalo, e hoʻomaka me nā mea kokoke loa i ka Honua me ko lākou mamao mai kā mākou honua.
| Nā Kapua Magellanic (200,000 mau makahiki māmā aku) |
| ʻO ka deragona (300,000 mau makahiki māmā aku) |
| ʻO Little Bear (300,000 mau makahiki māmā aku) |
| ʻO ka mea kālai kiʻi (300,000 mau makahiki māmā aku) |
| Ke kapuahi (400,000 mau makahiki māmā aku) |
| Leo (700,000 mau makahiki māmā aku) |
| NGC 6822 (1,700,000 mau makahiki māmā) |
| NGC 221 (MR2) (2,100,000 mau makahiki māmā) |
| Andromeda (M31) (2,200,000 mau makahiki māmā) |
| ʻO ka triangle (M33) (2,700,000 mau makahiki māmā aku) |
Nā laʻana o nā galaxy mamao loa
- z8_GND_5296
- Wolf-Lundmark-Melotte
- NGC 3226
- NGC 3184
- Galaxy 0402 + 379
- I Zwicky 18
- HVC 127-41-330
- ʻO Comet Galaxy
- Aniani aniani
- Pinwheel Galaxy
- M74
- VIRGOHI21
- ʻ Galaxylika maka aniani
- Sombrero Galaxy
- NGC 55
- Abell 1835 IR
- NGC 1042
- ʻO Dwingeloo 1
- Papa dwarf
- NGC 45
- NGC 1
- Circinus Galaxy
- ʻO Austral Pinwheel Galaxy
- NGC 3227
- Canis Nui Dwarf
- Dwarf Pegasus
- Sextans A.
- NGC 217
- ʻO Pegasus Spheroidal Dwarf
- Maffei II
- Fornax Dwarf
- NGC 1087
- Piʻipiʻi Pepeiao Galaxy
- Kahawai stellar Virgo
- ʻO Dakarf ʻApelika
- ʻO Dwingeloo 2
- Centaurus A.
- Andromeda II
