Anter
ʻO ka manawa pinepine, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā pilina i hoʻokumu ʻia ma waena o nā holoholona i ke kūlohelohe e like me ka ʻoluʻolu e hōʻike ai i kēlā me kēia mea nāna e hoʻokō. predation he ʻaihue ko lākou a me kahi mea pio, kahi o nā pōmaikaʻi mua wale nō.
Kāhea ʻia nā pilina e hōʻeha ʻia ai kekahi o nā laha nā launa maikaʻi ʻole: ʻO ia ka instinc o ka laha a me ka dinamika o ka evolution iho e hoʻoholo ai i kēia mau pilina, a ʻaʻole kahi manaʻo kūʻiʻo no ka mea inā ʻaʻole ia, ʻaʻohe ʻano e hōʻino.
Kāhea ʻia amensalism i kēlā mau pilina ma waena o nā laha i ua hōʻino ʻia kekahi o nā mea ʻelua e ka pilina a ʻaʻole ʻike kekahi i kekahi loli, ʻo ia hoʻi he neʻe.
Pehea e hana ai?
ʻO ka maʻamau, kū ka amensalism i ka hanauna o nā mea ʻona, a i ʻole i ka hoʻokumu ʻia ʻana o nā kūlana i hiki ʻole ke hoʻomanawanui ʻia no nā lehulehu ʻē aʻe, e ka meaolaola.
Ke hoʻokūpaʻa kahi meaola iā ia iho i kahi ākea, hana pinepine i nā mea e pale aku ai i nā lehulehu ʻē aʻe mai ke ola ʻana i loko, ʻaʻole hiki ke unuhi ʻia ma ke ʻano he hana maikaʻi nona iho: akā manaʻo ʻia ia he kūlike ʻole nona iho, akā hoʻopōʻino no ke koena o nā laha.
Ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka amensalism a me ka hoʻokūkū
Huikau pinepine ka Amensalism me kekahi pilina e hiki ke hana ma waena o nā laha, ʻo ia hoʻi mākaukau: ʻo ia ka mea i loaʻa ka hakakā ma waena o nā meaola ʻelua e loaʻa nā waiwai like, a lākou e hoʻohana ai e māʻona ai kā lākou mau pono.
ʻOiai ʻo ka hoʻokūkū he pāʻani 'zero-sum' kahi e hōʻike ai ka maʻalahi o kekahi i ka hopena o kekahi. i ka amensalism, ʻaʻole loaʻa i kahi mea e hoʻokō i ka hana palena palena i kahi pono maoli.
Nā laʻana o ka amensalism
- Ke hehi kekahi holoholona i ka mauʻu, me ka hoʻohana ʻole ʻia o ia mau mea no kahi hoʻohana.
- ʻO ka fungus penicium, kahi e hūnā i ka penicillin e pale ana i ka ulu ʻana o nā bacteria; a ʻaʻole wale ka bacteria e hiki ke hoʻopili iā ia.
- Hoʻokuʻu kekahi mau limu planktonic i kahi mea ʻona, i paʻa ʻia i nā 'ʻulaʻula' o ke kai, e make ana i nā ʻano holoholona like ʻole o ka moana.
- ʻO kahi nalo e waiho ana i kāna mau hua i loko o nā aphids, ʻo ia hoʻi i ka wā e hānau ʻia ai ka larva ʻai lākou.
- ʻO kahi rodent e hānai i nā hua o ka lāʻau carob, akā ʻaʻole ia e hōʻino a hoʻololi paha i nā hua i ka wā o kona digestion: ke puka like lākou, pili ka pilina iā lākou.
- ʻO nā kumulāʻau nui loa e pale aku i ka lā mai ka hiki ʻana i nā mauʻu i ka pae honua.
- ʻO nā lau Pine i hāʻule i ka honua e hoʻokuʻu i kahi kemikali e hoʻemi ana i ka hanana o ka germination hua ma kahi.
- ʻO Eucalyptus, ka mea e hūnā i kahi mea i pale a pale i ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu ʻē aʻe.
Hiki iā ia ke lawelawe iā ʻoe:
- Nā laʻana o ka commensalism
- Nā laʻana o ka mutualism
- Nā laʻana o ka mea ʻaihue a me ka mea pio
