Anter
Kāhea ʻia biodiversity i nā ʻano like ʻole o ke ola e hoʻomohala i kahi ʻano kūlohelohe. ʻO nā mea kanu, nā holoholona, nā microorganism āpau, a me nā mea kūmole o kēlā me kēia o lākou i hoʻokomo ʻia i ka wehewehe.
ʻO nā ʻano ʻelua e noho ana i ka ʻāina a me ka hana kaiaola a kēlā me kēia e hoʻokō ai, a i kekahi ʻano e ʻae ai i ka noho ʻana o nā mea ʻē aʻe āpau, he mea nui.
ʻO ka waiwai nui o ka biodiversity aia ia i loko o ka ʻoiaʻiʻo he hana ia i lawe ʻia e nā ʻano mea like ʻole i loko o nā makahiki he nui, ka manawa e pono ai e hoʻokō i kahi mea e like me ke kaulike o ka biosystem.
Mālama ʻia ke ola ʻana o nā laha e ka ʻōnaehana biologia kahi i loaʻa ai lākou, a ma kēia pae he hoʻokahi wale nō ʻano ke kanaka: ʻo ka hoʻohana a me ka pōmaikaʻi o ka biodiversity i hāʻawi i nā ʻano he nui i ka ulu ʻana o ka moʻomeheu kanaka.
- E nānā pū: ʻO Habitat a me Niche Ecological
ʻŌnaehana biology
Loaʻa i nā ʻōnaehana biological kā lākou dynamics ponoʻī, i ka nui o nā laha e hoʻokō i nā hana akā lilo pū kekahi i mea make, no laila kahi kumu i hoʻopau kūlohelohe i kumu i ka haunaele i ke kaiaolaola i hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia e kekahi ʻano ʻē aʻe.
Eia nō naʻe, hana nā hana ʻokoʻa e ke kanaka e hoʻololi i ka nohona like ʻole mai nā ʻaoʻao like ʻole: nā loli i nā kūlana o ke aniau, ka hoʻomāinoino a me ka hoʻohana nui ʻole ʻana o nā ʻano, ka luku a me ka wāwahi ʻia ʻana o nā wahi noho, ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā laha invasive a me ka mahiai ikaika weliweli lākou i kekahi o nā laha ma ka Honua.
Ka mea nui o nā mea ola
Ke kumu o ka nalo ʻana o ka ʻokoʻa e ka hana kanaka ʻana i nā ʻōnaehana kūlohelohe, ʻaʻole hana maʻalahi ʻia kēia recomposition a hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ka ʻōnaehana kaiaola holoʻokoʻa.
ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka hoʻouka kaua paʻa ʻana i manaʻo ʻia makemake i ka mālama o nā mea ola, a me ka mālama o nā kaiaolaola. No kēia, paipai ʻia kahi mau hana:
- Hoʻohui i ka hoʻomohala waiwai me ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni.
- Pili i ka hope, haʻalele i nā hana hana e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā kumu waiwai a i ʻole ka lepo.
- Loiloi i ke koʻikoʻi o kēlā me kēia ʻāpana o ka ʻokoʻa biola, i hoʻohui ʻia me ka ʻōnaehana i ka nui.
- Ka mālama ʻana i nā ululaau ʻōiwi, mai nā ʻano pākahi akā me nā kulekele lehulehu.
- Palapala ʻāina a nānā i nā wahi, a me ko lākou lehulehu Flora a me nā holoholona.
- Hōʻalo i ka hoʻolauna ʻana o nā laha exotic inā ʻaʻole pono lākou.
Nā hōʻailona a me nā laʻana
Hoʻohana ʻia nā ʻōuli ʻokoʻa i ana i ka meaola: ʻO ka papa kuhikuhi Simpson kekahi o nā pinepine pinepine. Wahi a kēia mau hōʻailona, ua hoʻokumu ʻia kahi papa inoa i piha i nā ʻāina he ʻumikūmāhiku i kapa ʻia ʻo megadiverse, kahi home a ʻoi aku ka home ma mua o 70% o nā meaola honua.
Ma lalo ka papa inoa, me nā mea o ka biodiversity o kēlā me kēia o lākou:
- USA: ʻO kahi ākea nui o ka ʻāina kahi home o 432 mau ʻano mammals, 311 o lākou nā mea kolo, 256 o nā amphibians, 800 o nā manu, 1,154 o nā iʻa a ʻoi aku ma mua o 100,000 o nā mea kolo.
- Inia: Aia nā Fauna i nā bipi, buffaloes, kao, liona, leopadi a me nā ʻelepani ʻĀkia. Aia he 25 mau one wai ma ka ʻāina a he mau lāhui endemik e like me ka mōneka Nilgiri, ka tod Beddome, ka Bengal tiger a me ka liona ʻAsiatic.
- Malaia: Aia ma kahi o 210 mau ʻano o nā māmele hānai i ka ʻāina, 620 mau ʻano manu, 250 mau ʻano o nā mea kolo (150 o lākou he nahesa), 600 mau ʻākoʻakoʻa a me 1200 mau ʻano iʻa.
- Apelika Hema: Me ke kolu o nā meaola like ʻole ma ka honua, hoʻokomo pū ʻia me nā ʻano mea kanu he 20,000, a me 10% o nā ʻano manu a me nā iʻa i ʻike ʻia i ka honua.
- Mekiko: Loaʻa iā ia he 37 'wahi hihiu' ma ka honua, me ka nui o nā manu a me nā iʻa (875 mau ʻano, 580 o nā manu kai a me 35 o māmele kai).
- Nuhōlani: Me 8% o kona wahi palekana, loaʻa i ka ʻāina nā lāhui endemik ka kangaroo a me ke koala, akā pili pū kekahi me nā diabolō platypus, posum a me Tasmanian. Aia kekahi ʻano nui o nā kumulāʻau, eucalyptus a me nā acacias maʻamau.
- Kolomepia: ʻO ia ka ʻāina waiwai loa i nā manu me nā ʻano 1870, me ka hoʻohui pū ʻana me 700 mau ʻano o nā rana, 456 mau ʻano mammal, a ʻoi aku ma mua o 55,000 mau ʻano mea kanu (ʻo ka hapakolu o lākou e noho wale ana ma ia ʻāina).
- Kina: Aia ma mua o 30,000 nā mea kanu holomua, a me 6,347 vertebrates ʻo ia ka mea ma waena o 10% o nā mea kanu a me 14% o nā holoholona i ka honua.
- Pelū: Aia ma kahi o 25,000 mau ʻano, a he 30% o ka hopena. Aia ma kahi o 182 mau ʻano o nā mea kanu ʻo Andean i hoʻoulu ʻia.
- Ekuakola: Aia ma waena o 22,000 a me 25,000 mau ʻano mea kanu, me kahi kiʻekiʻe o nā endemics. Hoʻohui ʻia, nui nā mammals, nā manu, poʻe amphibians a me nā mea kolo.
- Makakakeka: Pākuʻi ʻia he 32 mau ʻano primates kū hoʻokahi i ka honua, 28 mau ʻōpeʻapeʻa, 198 mau manu a me 257 mau mea kolo.
- Palakila: ʻO ia ka ʻāina me ka meaolaola nui loa ma ka honua, me ka nui o nā iʻa mammals a ʻoi aku ma mua o 3,000 iʻa iʻa wai, 517 ʻano o nā amphibians, 3,150 mau ʻano butterflies, 1,622 ʻano manu a me 468 ʻano o nā mea kolo.
- Lepupalika Kemokalaka ʻo Kongo: Kū i waho nā māmala nunui e like me nā ʻelepani, nā liona, nā leopadi, nā chimpanzees a i ʻole nā giraffes.
- Inidonesia: I ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo 'Forests of Paradise' he nui ka nui o nā ʻano, e like me 500 mau māmela a me 1600 manu.
- Wenezuela: Aia ma kahi o 15,500 mau ʻano mea kanu, a me kahi nui o nā holoholona, me 1,200 ʻano iʻa.
- Āina Pilipino: Hoʻohālikelike ʻia e ka nui o nā mea kolo a me nā amphibians.
- Pāpua Nūkini: Ma kahi o 4,642 mau ʻano o nā vertebrates e noho nei i ka ululāʻau o Nūkini.
- E hāhai me: Holoholo holoholona
