Anter
ʻO kamimi He wai ia i haku ʻia me ka wai a me nā mea i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e ke kino, a pili nā hana i ka hoʻopau ʻia ʻana o nā mea pono ʻole no ke kino, a i ʻole pili ʻia me ka kaohi electrolyte, ke kaomi koko a me ke kaulike acid-base. Hūnā ʻia ka mimi e nā puʻupaʻa, mālama ʻia i loko o ka pākū, a hoʻopau ʻia i ka wā o ka mimiki..
Nā ʻano maʻamau: ke kala a me ka pilau
Ma waena o nā ʻano nui o ka mimi ʻo ia ia kala, pili me ka nui o ka wai i loko o ia mea: ʻoiai ke kino e hoʻopau i ka nui o ka wai e loaʻa ka mimi mālamalama hou aʻe, i loko o nā kino maloʻo he mea maʻamau ia no nā puʻupaʻa e hoʻopaʻa i ka wai i loko o ke kino, e loaʻa ana i ka mimi ke kala. melemele ikaika aku.
ʻO ka hopena e loaʻa paha i ka mimi kahi atypical kala, a ma muli paha o nā pilikia maikaʻi (e like me ka ʻai ʻana o nā meaʻai kala nui) a i ʻole nā maʻi ʻōnaehana. Ke maʻamau ka loaʻa ʻole o ka mimi pilau, akā i kekahi mau manawa hiki ke loaʻa kahi ʻala ʻokoʻa: e like me ke kala, hiki ma muli o nā pilikia maikaʻi a liʻiliʻi paha, a i ʻole nā maʻi ʻoi aku a ʻoi aku paha.
He aha ka mimi i hana ai?
Hoʻopau pinepine ke kino ma kahi o hoʻokahi a me ka hapa lita o ka mimi i ka lā. Akā, wehewehe ʻia kēia helu i ka nānā ʻana i ka haku ʻana o ka mimi.
95% o ka mimi i loko o ka wai, ʻoiai ʻo 2% i hana ʻia me nā paʻakai mineral (e like me chlorides, phosphates, sulfates, amonia paʻakai) a me 3% mau meaola (urea, uric acid, hippuric acid, creatinine). ʻO ka mimi kekahi o nā kumu nui ʻelua o ka lilo o ka wai mai ke kino, me ka hou.
Pehea ka mimi i hana ai?
ʻO ke kūkulu ʻana o ka mimi kahi hana i ʻekolu mau pae:
- Kānana: Ke lawe ʻia ke koko e ka arteriole afferent a hiki i ka glomerulus, a hele nā mea hoʻoheheʻe plasma i nā capillaries i kahi wikiwiki loa. Ma loko o ka glomerulus, kānana ʻia ka ʻōpala metabolic, a hoʻolei ʻia nā meaola liʻiliʻi: ʻo ka hele ʻana o kahi nui o ka wai e hoʻoulu ai i kahi wai, i kapa ʻia ʻo filtrate glomerular.
- Hoʻopau hou tubular: Hele i mua ka wai i kānana ʻia i loko o nā paipu puʻupaʻa, a ma laila e hoʻopili hou ʻia ai kekahi o nā mea a hoʻohui ʻia i loko o ke koko. ʻO kekahi o nā mea i hoʻopili hou ʻia he wai, sodium, glucose, phosphate, potassium, amino acid a me calcium.
- Hoʻokuʻu tubular: Mai ka plasma o ke koko a i ka wahi uriniferous, lawe ʻia kahi ʻāpana nui o nā mea koko, ʻoiai e hana ʻia nā mea ʻōpala mai nā capillaries tubular i ka lumen o ka tubule, ma kahi ākea.
I ka manawa e hana ai, hiki i ka wai i ka ʻōpuna hōʻiliʻili kahi kahi wale nō mea e hiki ai iā ia ke hoʻohui he wahi wai hou aʻe ia, no laila ʻaʻole ia e noʻonoʻo ʻia i hoʻokahi ʻāpana hou aʻe o ka hoʻokumu ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, ma laila kahi e loaʻa ai ka wai i ka inoa o ka mimi, a lawe ʻia i ka pimi urinary, kahi e mālama ʻia ai a hiki i ka reflex urination.
Loiloi mimi
Ma muli o nā ʻano o ka mimi ʻo ia kēlā nā pono kālailai hiki ke hana ʻia i kāna haku mele ʻana he mea pono loa- Me kahi ʻāpana kūikawā o ka pepa, hiki ke hana koke i kahi hoʻokolohua e hōʻike ana inā aia kekahi huahana pono ʻole i ka mimi, ka mea maʻamau o ke kō, ka protein a me ke koko.
Nā maʻi e like me cystitis, maʻi maʻi puʻuwai, a i ʻole ʻokoʻa maʻi urinary a kīʻaha paha Hiki iā lākou ke ʻike ʻia ma o kēia ʻano kālailai, kahi e loaʻa ai ka ʻike o ka hoʻohana ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau i hoʻopau ʻia ma o ka mimi.
