ʻEpekema

Anter

• "ʻEpekema": kahi wā ākea
• Nā ʻano ʻepekema
• Nā laʻana ʻepekema

Ma ke ʻano laulā, ʻike ʻia ka "ʻepekema" āpau ua kauoha ʻōnaehana ʻia ke kino o ka ʻike i mea e wehewehe ai i nā ʻoiaʻiʻo a hāʻawi i nā pane i nā nīnau like ʻole.

ʻO ka evolution o akeakamai ʻO ia paha ka ulu nui ʻana o ke kanaka ma ke ʻano he lāhui, mai ka wā o ke ola o ke kanaka ʻepekema ua holomua nui.

Me ke kānalua ʻole i ka mea i hāʻawi ʻia e ka mea i kapa ʻia "He mea ʻepekema ia" he hoʻomaka hoʻomaka ia, me ka ʻole o nā pae o ka holomua ʻepekema a mākou e ʻike nei i kēia lā.

"ʻEpekema": kahi wā ākea

I loko nō o ka hāʻawi ʻia ʻana o ka wehewehe o ka ʻepekema, pono e ʻōlelo ʻia e waiho paʻa ʻia kēia i ke kūkā kamaʻilio ʻana a hiki i nā loiloi mau, no laila ʻAʻole ia he kumu no ka ʻōlelo ʻana he wehewehe unambiguous ia.

Pēlā nō, kahi nui loa o nā hoʻopaʻapaʻa e hoʻokumu inā he ʻepekema paha kahi aʻo i hāʻawi ʻia: ʻo ka mea nui paha ka nīnau o ke ʻano, no ka mea, mai nā ʻāpana ʻepekema he nui i manaʻo ʻia ʻo ia wale nō ka ʻike i loaʻa mai i kahi kaʻina hana hana kūikawā.

I kēia ala hiki ke hōʻole ʻia ka ʻike i hoʻokumu ʻia. He kuhi ia e loiloi ai i ka ikaika ʻepekema, kahi e noʻonoʻo nui ai no ka mea ʻo ka nui o ka ʻike i hoʻokahi manawa me he mea lā he kikoʻī a piha, ma hope ua hōʻole ʻia. Koʻikoʻi loa kēia koi hana no kekahi mau hoʻopaʻapaʻa.

E nānā pū: Nā laʻana o ka ʻepekema a me ka ʻenehana

Nā ʻano ʻepekema

Ua ʻae ka hapa nui o nā theorists ʻepekema e hoʻokaʻawale ma waena o:

• Nā ʻepekema kūhelu: nā mea e pili ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kā lākou kahua ake.
• ʻO nā ʻepekema ʻoiaʻiʻo: hana lākou me ke kālailai ʻana a me ke aʻo ʻana i nā mea maoli e hana ʻia ma ka honua.

No ka mea Plato, kekahi o nā mea manaʻo nui i ka mōʻaukala o ke kanaka, ʻo ka mea mua ka mea nui, ʻoiai lākou e hana ai i ka honua o nā manaʻo a kākoʻo lākou i nā mea ʻē aʻe āpau.

ʻO ka papa ʻelua, ka mea i pili piha i ka ʻepekema maoli, hele mai i kekahi manawa ma hope a hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻepekema kikoʻī mai nā kānaka.

• ʻEpekema kūpono: (i kahi nui aʻoi aku paha) pane i nā ana kūpono a hōʻike e pili ana i ka hana o ka honua.
• ʻIke kanaka:hana i nā aʻo e pili ana i ka hana o nā kānaka (ʻaʻole me nā kūlana e pili ana iā ia, e like me kona ʻano olaola), i loko o kāna pilikino a i ʻole i ka kaiāulu.

ʻO nā hoʻopaʻi e pili ana i ke kanaka, e like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia, hiki ʻole ke pane i ka nā kaʻina hana koi ʻia ia mai kekahi mau ʻāpana o ke kula i ka ʻepekema, akā ʻaʻole no ia kumu e haʻalele lākou i ka noʻonoʻo ʻia e like me nā ʻepekema hoʻopaʻi, akā ua koho ʻia e wehewehe i nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe, e like me ka mōʻaukala, ka laʻana a i ʻole ka anthropological.

Hiki iā ia ke lawelawe iā ʻoe: Nā laʻana o ka ʻike ʻepekema

Nā laʻana ʻepekema

ʻO kēia ka papa inoa o ʻepekema ʻelua, e hoʻomaka ana me ʻelua kūlana, a laila hōʻike ʻia nā ʻepekema ʻeiwa kikoʻī a ʻo ka hope ʻeiwa ʻepekema kanaka:

Hiki iā ia ke lawelawe iā ʻoe:

• Nā laʻana mai ka ʻepekema ʻepekema
• Nā laʻana mai ka ʻepekema Kūlohelohe
• Nā laʻana o nā ʻike ʻepekema