Kanawai ʻepekema

Anter

• Nā laʻana o nā kānāwai ʻepekema

ʻO ka kānāwai ʻepekema he mau manaʻo e hōʻike ana i nā pilina mau ma waena o ʻelua mau kumu. Hōʻike ʻia kēia mau manaʻo i ka ʻōlelo maʻamau a i ʻole ka ʻōlelo makemakika.

Hōʻoiaʻiʻo mau nā kānāwai ʻepekema, ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki ke hōʻoia ʻia.

• Hiki ke kuhikuhi i nā kānāwai ʻepekema phenomena kūlohelohe, a ma ia hihia ua kāhea ʻia lākou kānāwai kūlohelohe.
• Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā lākou ke kuhikuhi i nā hanana kaiāulu, i nā hihia kahi i hoʻokumu ʻia ai e nohona ʻepekema. Hōʻoia ʻia ia mau mea no ka mea hōʻike lākou i nā ʻano i maʻamau i nā hanana kaiāulu like ʻole. Hiki i nā ʻepekema pilikanaka ke wehewehe i nā kānāwai o ka lawena. Eia nō naʻe, me ka hala ʻana o ka manawa e ʻike ʻia ai e pili wale kekahi mau kānāwai ʻepekema pili kaiaulu i kekahi ʻano o ka mōʻaukala.
• Hōʻike nā kānāwai ʻepekema i nā loulou mau ma waena o kahi antecedent (kumu) a me kahi hopena (hopena).Nānā: Nā laʻana o ke kumu a me ka hopena.

Pau ʻEpekema Hoʻokumu ʻia lākou ma muli o nā kānāwai ʻepekema laulā a me nā kānāwai kikoʻī o kēlā me kēia aʻo.

Ma mua o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i kahi kānāwai, he mea pono no ka ʻepekema a i ʻole kahi hui o nā ʻepekema e hoʻopuka a kuhiakau a laila hōʻoia ʻia e ka ʻike paʻa. No ke kuhiakau e lilo i kānāwai, pono ia e hoʻokohu i kahi hanana mau a pono e hoʻāʻo ʻia i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa.

Nā laʻana o nā kānāwai ʻepekema

1. Kānāwai hakakā, postulate mua: ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka heʻe loiloi ma waena o nā kino ʻelua ka mea kūlike i ka ikaika maʻamau i hoʻokau ʻia ma waena o lākou.
2. Kānāwai hakina, postulate ʻelua: ʻo ke kūpaʻa i ka heʻe kūlohelohe ma waena o nā kino ʻokoʻa kūʻokoʻa i nā ana pilina ma waena o lākou.
3. Kānāwai mua o Newton. Kānāwai o ka inersia. He physicist ʻo Isaac Newton, he haku mele, a he makemakika. Ua ʻike ʻo ia i nā kānāwai e pili ana i ka physics. ʻO kāna kānāwai mua: "Hoʻomau kēlā me kēia kino i kona mokuʻāina o ka hoʻomaha a i ʻole ke kapa ʻaʻa a i ʻole ke ʻano o ke neʻe, ke ʻole e koi ʻia e hoʻololi i kona mokuʻāina, e nā ikaika i hoʻokū ʻia ma luna ona."
4. Kānāwai ʻelua o Newton. Kānāwai kumu o ka ikaika.- "Kūlike pololei ka loli o ka neʻe i ka motive motive motive a kū ʻia e like me ka laina pololei i paʻi ʻia ai kēlā ikaika."
5. ʻO ke kānāwai ʻekolu ʻo Newton. Kumuhana o ka hana a me ka hopena. "I kēlā me kēia hana e kūlike i ka hopena"; "Me nā hana āpau e kū mau ka hopena like a me ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā hana like a nā kino ʻelua e kaulike a kuhikuhi ʻia i ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe."
6. Kānāwai ʻo Hubble: Kānāwai kino. Kāhea ʻia ke kānāwai o ka hoʻonui honua. Kau ʻia e Edwin Powell Hubble, he kilo hōkū ʻAmelika kenekulia. Kūlike ka redshift o kahi galaxy i kona mamao.
7. Kānāwai Coulomb: Kākau ʻia e Charles-Augustin de Coulomb, mea makemakika Farani, physicist a me ʻenekinia. Wahi a ke kānāwai, hāʻawi ʻia i ka launa ʻana o nā kumu kiko ʻelua i ka hoʻomaha, ke kūlike o ka nui o kēlā me kēia o nā ikaika uila a lākou e launa pū ai me ka huahana o ka nui o nā koina ʻelua, a kūlike kūlike hoʻi i ka square of the distance that hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou. ʻO kāna ʻaoʻao nā laina e hoʻopili i nā ukana. Inā like nā koina o ka hōʻailona like, hewa ka ikaika. Inā pili ka hewa i nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe, makaʻu ʻole nā ​​pūʻali.
8. Kānāwai ʻo Ohm: Kākau ʻia e Georg Simon Ohm, Kelemania physicist a me makemakika. Mālama ʻo ia i ka ʻokoʻa V hiki ke kū aʻe ma waena o nā wēlau o kahi alakaʻi i hāʻawi ʻia ma ka likelika o ka I I e holo nei ma waena o ua alakaʻi nei. Ma waena o V a me I ka helu kaulike o R: kona kūpaʻa uila.
   • ʻ expressionlelo makemakika o ke kānāwai ʻo Ohm: V = R. ʻO wau
9. Kānāwai o nā kaomi ʻāpana. ʻIʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo Dalton's Law, no ka mea i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka mea kemika Pelekane, physicist a me ka makemakika ʻo John Dalton. Hōʻike ia i ke kaomi o kahi hui o nā kinoea i hana ʻole i ka kemika e like ia me ka nui o nā kaomi ʻāpana o kēlā me kēia o lākou ma ka leo like, me ka ʻole o ka mahana.
10. Ke kānāwai mua o Kepler. Orbits Elliptical. ʻO Johannes Kepler kahi mea kilokilo a me ka makemakika nāna i ʻike i nā phenomena invariable i ka neʻe ʻana o nā hoku. Wahi a kāna kānāwai mua e neʻe ka honua āpau a puni ka lā i nā pōʻai elliptical. He ʻelua foci ko kēlā me kēia ellipse. Aia ka lā i loko o kekahi o lākou.
11. Kanawai ʻelua a Kepler. ʻO ka wikiwiki o nā hōkū: "ʻO ke kahah radius e hui pū me ka honua a holoi ka lā i nā wahi like i nā manawa like."
12. Kānāwai mua o Thermodynamics. Kumuhana o ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu. "ʻAʻole hana ʻia a luku ʻia ka ikehu, hoʻololi wale ia."
13. Kānāwai ʻelua o thermodynamics. I kahi kūlana o ke kaulike, ʻo nā waiwai i lawe ʻia e nā ʻāpana ʻano o ka ʻōnaehana thermodynamic pani e like me ka mea e hoʻonui ai lākou i ka nui o ka nui o nā hana i kapa ʻia ʻo entropy.
14. ʻO ke kānāwai ʻekolu o thermodynamics. ʻO Nernst's postulate. Hoʻolālā ia i ʻelua mau phenomena: ke hiki i zero (zero Kelvin) i kekahi kaʻina i kahi ʻōnaehana kino kū. I ka hōʻea ʻana i ka ʻole zero, hiki i ka entropy ka palena iki a me ka waiwai mau.
15. ʻO ke kumu o Archimedes o ka buoyancy. Kākau ʻia e ka Helene makemakika Archimedes. He kānāwai kino ia e hōʻike ana i ke kino holoʻokoʻa a hapa paha i loko o ka wai i ka hoʻomaha e loaʻa i ka pahu mai ka lalo i luna e like me ke kaupaona o ka nui o ka wai e hoʻoneʻe.
16. Kānāwai o ka mālama ʻana i nā mea. Kānāwai a Lamonosov Lavoisier. "ʻO ka huina o ka lehulehu o nā reactant āpau e pili ana i kahi hopena e like me ka nui o ka nui o nā huahana i loaʻa."
17. Kānāwai o ka elasticity. Ua haʻi ʻia e Robert Hooke, ke kākāʻilio physicist o Beritania. Mālama ʻia ia, i nā manawa o ka hoʻolōʻihi lōʻihi, ʻike ʻia ka elongation anakahi e a mea lola kūlike kūpono ia i ka ikaika i kau ʻia ma luna.
18. Kānāwī hoʻoluhi wela. Kau ʻia e Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier, ka makemakika Farani a me ka physicist. Mālama ʻia ia, ma kahi ala isotropic, hoʻololi ka wela i loko kalaiwa ʻana he kaulike ia a ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe i ka gradient wela ma kēlā ala.