Anter
ʻO kauila uila He lālā physics ia e hoʻokokoke ana i nā māla o ka uila a me ka magnetism mai kahi manaʻo hoʻohui, e hana i kekahi o nā pūʻali koa ʻehā o ke ao i ʻike ʻia a hiki i kēia manawa: electromagnetism. ʻO nā ikaika ʻē aʻe (a i ʻole nā pilina paʻa) he umekaumaha a ikaika a nāwaliwali nā hui nukelea.
ʻO ke electromagnetism kahi kumumanaʻo kahua, ʻo ia hoʻi, e pili ana i ka nui o ke kino pākuʻi a i ʻole ʻumiʻumi, ka mea pili i ke kūlana i ka hakahaka a me ka manawa. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia i nā hoʻohālikelike ʻehā vector (formulated e Michael Faraday a hoʻomohala ʻia no ka manawa mua e James Clerk Maxwell, no laila lākou i bapetizo ʻia ai ma ke ʻano he Nā hoʻohālikelike Maxwell) e ʻae ai i ka hoʻopaʻa like ʻana o nā pā uila a me nā mākēneki, a me ke au uila, polarization uila a me ka polarization ʻume mākenēki.
I kekahi ʻaoʻao, ʻo ke electromagnetism kahi manaʻo macroscopic.Hoʻomaopopo kēia i ke aʻo ʻana i nā phenom electromagnetic nui, pili i nā helu nui o nā hunaahi a me nā mamao mamao, ʻoiai ma nā pae atika a me nā pae molakeke hāʻawi ia i kahi aʻo ʻē aʻe, i ʻike ʻia ma ka inoa ʻo ka nui mīkini.
Pēlā nō naʻe, ma hope o ka loli nui o ke kenekulia iwakālua, ua hoʻomaka ʻia ka ʻimi no ke kumumanaʻo nui o ka pilina electromagnetic, no laila ke ala nei i nā electrodynamics nui.
- E nānā pū: nā mea ʻume mākenēki
Nā wahi noi uila uila
Kēia kahua o ke kālaikūlohea he kī i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻano hoʻopaʻapaʻa a me nā ʻenehana he nui, a me nā hana ʻenehana a me nā uila, a me ka mālama ʻana i ka uila a me kāna hoʻohana ʻana i nā wahi olakino, aeronautics a i ʻole kūkulu hale.
ʻO ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo Revolution Industrial Revolution a i ʻole Technological Revolution ʻaʻole hiki ke loaʻa inā ʻaʻole ka lanakila o ka uila a me ka electromagnetism.
Nā laʻana o nā noi o ka electromagnetism
- Nā peʻa. ʻO ke ʻano o kēia mau hāmeʻa o kēlā me kēia lā e pili ana i ka holo ʻana o kahi hoʻoila uila ma o ka electromagnet, nona ka ʻume mākeneka e huki i kahi hāmare metala liʻiliʻi i ka bele, e keʻakeʻa nei i ke kaapuni a ʻae iā ia e hoʻomaka hou, no laila pinepine ka hāmare iā ia a hana i ke kani e hopu i kā mākou nānā.
- Mākēneki wehe Loko. Ma kahi o ke kaʻa ʻana ma nā kaʻa e like me nā kaʻaahi maʻamau, mālama ʻia kēia hoʻohālikelike kaʻaahi ultra-ʻenehana i ka levitation magnet i mahalo ʻia i nā electromagnets ikaika i kau ʻia ma kāna ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa. No laila, ʻo ka hoʻokahuli uila ma waena o nā mākēneki a me ka hao o ka paepae e holo ai ke kaʻaahi e mālama i ke kaumaha o ka kaʻa i ka ea.
- Nā mea hoʻololi uila. ʻO kahi mea hoʻololi, kēlā mau mea hana cylindrical i kekahi mau ʻāina ʻike mākou i nā laina uila, lawelawe i ka mālama (hoʻonui a hoʻēmi paha) i ka uila o kahi au e kū nei. Hana lākou i kēia ma o nā ʻōwili i hoʻonohonoho ʻia a puni ke kumu hao, nona nā wahi uila e ʻae i ka ikaika o ke kahe e hele i waho.
- Nā mīkini uila. ʻO nā mīkini uila he mau mīkini uila ia, ma ke kaʻapuni ʻana i kahi axis, hoʻololi i ka ikehu uila i ka ikehu mīkini. ʻO kēia ikehu ka mea e hoʻoulu ai i ka neʻe o ke kelepona paʻalima. Hoʻokumu ʻia kāna hana ma nā ikaika electromagnetic o ka hoʻokalakupua a me ka repulsion ma waena o ka magnet a me kahi wili e holo ai ka uila i kēia manawa.
- ʻO Dynamos. Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau hāmeʻa e hoʻohana pono i ke kaʻapuni ʻana o nā huila o kahi kaʻa, e like me ke kaʻa, e kaʻapuni i kahi magnet a hana i kahi māla magnetika e hānai i nā au i kēia manawa i nā wili.
- Kelepona. ʻO ka mea hoʻokalakupua ma hope o kēia hāmeʻa o kēlā me kēia lā ka mea ʻē aʻe o ka hiki ke hoʻololi i nā nalu kani (e like me ka leo) i nā hoʻololi o kahi kahua electromagnetic i hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia, i ka mua e ke kaula uila, i kahi mea loaʻa ma ka hopena ʻē aʻe i hiki ke ninini i ka hana a hoʻōla i nā hawewe kani uila.
- Nā ʻāʻā ahi microwave. Hana kēia mau mīkini mai ka hanauna a me ka noʻonoʻo o nā nalu electromagnetic i ka meaʻai. Ua like kēia mau nalu me nā mea i hoʻohana ʻia no ke kamaʻilio lekiō, akā me ke alapine kiʻekiʻe e kaʻapuni i nā diplodes (nā huna ʻume mākenēki) o nā meaʻai me ka wikiwiki loa, i ko lākou hoʻāʻo ʻana e hoʻopili iā lākou iho me ka māla magnet i loaʻa. ʻO kēia neʻe ka mea e hoʻomāhuahua i ka wela.
- Mākēneki resonance kiʻi (MRI). ʻO kēia noi lāʻau olakino o ka electromagnetism he mea mua loa ia e pili ana i nā mea olakino, no ka mea e ʻae ia e nānā i kahi ala ʻole i loko o ke kino o nā mea ola, mai ka hana electromagnetic o nā hydrogen atoms i loaʻa i loko, e hana i kahi kahua. unuhi ʻia e nā kamepiula loea.
- Mikropona Hana kēia mau mea maʻa mau i kēia mau lā mahalo i kahi diaphragm i ʻume ʻia e kahi electromagnet, nona ka ʻike i nā nalu kani e ʻae iā lākou e unuhi i kahi hōʻailona uila. Hiki i kēia ke hoʻoili a wehe ʻia mai kahi mamao aku, a i ʻole mālama ʻia a kope ʻia ma hope.
- Nā spectrometers lehulehu. He lako ia e ʻae i ka haku ʻana o kekahi mau hoʻohui kemika e kālailai ʻia me ke kikoʻī loa, ma muli o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻume mākenēki o nā ʻoma i haku iā lākou, ma o kā lākou ionization a me ka heluhelu ʻana e kahi kamepiula loea.
- Oscilloscope. ʻO nā mea uila ʻo ia ke kumu e hoʻohālikelike ai i nā hōʻailona uila i ka manawa, e hele mai ana mai kahi kumu kikoʻī. E hana i kēia, hoʻohana lākou i kahi axis hoʻohui i ka pale nona nā laina ka huahana o ke ana o nā uila mai ka hōʻailona uila i hoʻoholo ʻia. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou i ka lāʻau e ana i nā hana o ka puʻuwai, lolo, a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe.
- Nā kāleka ʻume mākenēki. ʻAe kēia ʻenehana i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kāleka hōʻaiʻē a i ʻole nā kāleka hōʻaiʻē, ka mea i loaʻa i kahi leki uila polarized i kekahi ala, e hoʻopunipuni i ka ʻikepili e pili ana i ka orientation o kāna mau ʻāpana ferromagnetic. Ma ka hoʻolauna ʻana i ka ʻike i loko o lākou, ua polarize nā hāmeʻa i koho ʻia i nā ʻāpana kikoʻī i kekahi ala kikoʻī, i hiki ai ke "heluhelu" ʻia kēlā ʻōlelo i ʻōlelo ʻia e kiʻi i ka ʻike.
- Waihona pūnaewele ma nā leki uila. ʻO ke kī i ka honua o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana a me nā kamepiula, ʻae ia e mālama i ka nui o ka ʻike ma nā diski ʻumeʻume nona ka mea i polarized ʻia i kahi ala kikoʻī a hiki ke deciphered e kahi ʻōnaehana kamepiula. Hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia i kēia mau pāpaʻi, e like me nā drive pen a i ʻole i kēia manawa disk floppy disk, a i ʻole hiki iā lākou ke noho paʻa a ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī, e like me nā puʻupuʻu paʻakikī.
- Pahu hoʻokalakupua. ʻO kēia k modelkohu mālama ʻikepili, makemake nui ʻia i nā makahiki 1950 a me 1960, kekahi o nā ʻano mua o ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻikepili mākēneki. ʻO kahi paukū hao hollow e kaʻapuni i nā wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe, hoʻopuni ʻia e kahi mea magnet (iron oxide) kahi e paʻi ai ka ʻike ma o ka ʻōnaehana polarization coded. ʻAʻole like me nā disc, ʻaʻohe ona poʻo heluhelu a ʻae iā ia i kahi wikiwiki i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka ʻike.
- Kukui uila. Kukui ʻia nā kukui i mua o nā paikikala, i ka wā e huakaʻi ana, hana mahalo i ke kaʻapuni ʻana o ka huila i pili ai ka mākeneka, a ʻo ka hoʻohuli ʻana e hana ai i kahi kahua magnet a no laila kahi kumu haʻahaʻa o ka uila hou. Lawe ʻia kēia hoʻoili uila i ka uila a unuhi ʻia i ke kukui.
- E hoʻomau me: Nā noi keleawe
