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A alakaʻi autocrat a i ʻole autocratic a i ʻole alakaʻi alakaʻi ʻo ia ke alakaʻi o kahi hui kanaka, lāhui a i ʻole kaiāulu nāna Hāʻawi ʻia nā mana e lawe piha i ka hoʻoholo ʻana, ke kauoha ʻana a me ke alakaʻi piha loao ka hoʻonohonoho, ma o kahi kauoha kū hoʻokahi a me ka nīnau ʻole ʻia, i kākoʻo pinepine ʻia i ka mana implacable o nā manawa o ka mana. I ka politika, kāhea ʻia nā alakaʻi autiterity autocrats a i ʻole dictators.
I kēia ʻano, E hoʻohālikelike ʻia ke aupuni a ka lehulehu no ke aupuni e waiho ana i nā mana ākea āpau i ka lima o hoʻokahi kanaka a me ka hiki āpau e hoʻoholo, ʻoiai lākou e kūʻē i ka pono o ka lehulehu iā lākou iho a i ʻole hoʻolohe i nā makemake a i ʻole nā pono pilikino o ke alakaʻi. Ma ka laulaha, hoʻokumu ʻia kēia ʻano o nā noho aupuni e ka ikaika.
E noʻonoʻo paha ia he hoʻohālikelike aupuni i kūʻē i ka temokalaka, kahi a nā mea nui e koho ai i kā lākou mau lunamakaʻāinana e alakaʻi i ke kaiāulu a aia kekahi mau mea e kaohi ai, kiaʻi a i ʻole keakea ai i kēia mana. I kahi autocracy, ʻaʻole ʻae ka mana i ka nīnau ʻana i ka makemake o ke alakaʻi.
ʻO nā mōʻī absolutist, nā dictators o nā hōʻailona politika a me nā alakaʻi hoʻomāinoino o kekahi mau hui kalaima hiki ke lilo i laʻana maikaʻi o kēia.
Nā hiʻohiʻona o kahi alakaʻi autocratic
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia nā Autocrats penei:
- He charismatic lākou a kū i ka mana no ka makemake i kahi pono hui like.
- Hāpai lākou i ka mana āpau o ka hoʻoholo a hoʻokau iā ia ma luna o nā poʻe ʻē aʻe ma o ka ikaika (kū kānāwai, pūʻali koa, hoʻokele waiwai a i ʻole ke kino).
- ʻAʻole lākou e ʻae i ka nīnau ʻana i ko lākou mana a hoʻopaʻi koke ʻia i nā ʻano kūʻē a hoʻopaʻi paha.
- Hōʻike lākou i nā ʻano i paranoia a pili i ka mana ma o nā ʻano āpau.
- ʻAʻole lākou i hāʻawi ʻia i ka hōʻino ponoʻī a i ʻole ka ʻike ʻana, akā noʻonoʻo mau lākou i ka mea kūpono loa a i kūpono loa paha e alakaʻi i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.
- Hoʻoweliweli ʻo ia, hoʻopaʻi a hoʻomaʻau i kāna poʻe ma lalo, i mea e mālama ai i kahi ʻoka kikoʻī.
ʻO ke alakaʻi alakaʻi autocratic i ka World Business
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona alakaʻi autocratic, ka mea e kaumaha ana i nā kūʻokoʻa o kēlā me kēia kanaka e makemake ai i kahi kauoha ʻoi aku ka ʻoi a ʻoi aku paha ka maikaʻi, nīnau pinepine ʻia i ka honua ʻoihana.
I ka 'oiaʻiʻo, ua hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i ka ʻōlelo ʻoihana ma waena o nā kiʻi o "luna" a me "alakaʻi" ma muli o kona pili loa i nā limahana maʻamau, kona permeability i nā manaʻo hou, kāna hana ākea a me kona hiki ke hoʻoulu ma mua o ka makaʻu i kāna poʻe ma lalo.
Nā laʻana o nā alakaʻi autocratic
- Adolfo Hitler. Malia paha ʻo ka alakaʻi autocratic par par ka maikaʻi, ʻo ia kekahi o nā mea lawehala loa i ka mōʻaukala o ke kanaka, ke alakaʻi o Nazism a me ka luna o kekahi o nā ideology racist i luku loa ʻia a hoʻonohonoho ʻōnaehana ʻia e pili ana i ka luku o nā manawa āpau. ʻO ko Hitler noho aliʻi ma luna o ke aupuni Kelemania ia manawa (ʻo ia ʻo III Reich i kapa ʻia ʻo ia iho) he mea hao hao mai ka manawa o kāna National Socialist German Workers Party (NSDAP) i loaʻa ka mana i 1934 a kāhea ʻia ia ʻO Führer (alakaʻi) me nā mana plenipotentiary e alakaʻi i ka ʻāina i ka makemake. ʻO kēia ka mea i alakaʻi iā Kelemania e hoʻomaka i ke Kaua Honua II, ma ka hopena o Hitler i pepehi iā ia iho.
- ʻO Fidel Castro. ʻO kekahi o nā kiʻi kālaiʻāina kaulana a kūʻē hoʻi o ka ʻāina ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, i hoʻonani ʻia e ka mea hoʻohuli kipi i waiho ʻia ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona o ka hakakā e kūʻē ana i ka Emepaea ʻAmelika ʻĀkau. Ua alakaʻi ʻo Castro i kahi guerrilla leftist kipi e kūʻē i ka dictator Cuban ia manawa ʻo Fulgencio Batista. Ua ʻike ʻia kēia hanana ma ke ʻano he Cuban Revolution a lawe i ka Cuban Communist Party i ka mana, ma lalo o ka mana hoʻokahi a Fidel wale nō, mai kona lanakila ʻana ma 1959 a 2011., i kona wā i haʻalele ai i kona kaikaina ʻo Raúl i ka mana. I loko o kona wā aupuni, ua loli maoli ka lehulehu o Cuban a ua hana ʻia nā hoʻopaʻi, nā hoʻomaʻau a me nā mea pio i hoʻokau ʻia.
- ʻO Marcos Pérez Jiménez. ʻO ka pūʻali koa Venezuelan a me ka dictator, ua noho aliʻi ʻo ia iā Venezuela mai 1952 a 1958, ma hope o ka hoʻokahuli kaua ʻana a ka pūʻali koa i komo ai ʻo ia i ka noho aliʻi o ka ʻāina, me ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana i ka pelekikena i koho pono ʻia, ka mea kākau ʻo Rómulo Gallegos. ʻO kāna aupuni tyrannical kahi ʻoki hou a pili pū me nā ʻōpala o ka bonanza aila, ʻoiai nā hoʻomaʻau, hoʻomāinoino a me nā pepehi kanaka kahi i hoʻokau ʻia ai kona mau hoa hakakā politika.. Ua hoʻopau ʻia ʻo ia ma waena o nā kūʻē lehulehu a me kahi hoʻokahuli aupuni nāna i koi iā ia e lawe pio i ka Dominican Republic a laila ma Franco's Spain.
- ʻO Robert Mugabe. ʻO ka politika a me ka pūʻali koa Zimbabwe, ke poʻo o ke aupuni o kona aupuni mai 1987 a hiki i kēia manawa. ʻO kona kū ʻana i ka mana ma hope o ke kūʻokoʻa o Zimbabwe, kahi i komo ai ma ke ʻano he hero lāhui he aupuni hoʻomāinoino e kūʻē i nā mea hōʻino iā ia, o nā hana hoʻopunipuni a ka lehulehu a ka lehulehu, ka mea i komo i ka ʻāina i loko o kahi pilikia kālā.. Hoʻopiʻi ʻia ʻo ia no ka haku o ka luku lāhui i kū ma waena o 1980 a me 1987, i haʻalele iā 20,000 Ndebele a i ʻole Matabele kamaʻāina i pepehi ʻia.
- Francisco Franco. ʻO ka pūʻali koa Sepania a me ka dictator, nona ka hoʻokahuli aupuni i ka makahiki 1936 i hoʻopau ai i ka Lepupalika Sepania ʻElua a hoʻomaka i ke Kaua Kivila Sepania koko (1936-1939), a ma ia hopena ʻo Franco ponoʻī nō e lawe i ke kūlana o "Caudillo de España" a hiki i kona make ʻana ma 1975. I loko o kona noho ʻana he poʻo ʻoi loa a tyrannical ʻo ia o ke Aupuni, kuleana no ka nui o ka hoʻopaʻi, hoʻomāinoino, hoʻomoana hoʻomoana a me nā kuʻikahi me ka Nazism Kelemania a me nā aupuni fascist ʻē aʻe o ʻEulopa.
- ʻO Rafael Leonidas Trujillo. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo "El Jefe" a i ʻole "El benefactor", he koa pūʻali koa Dominican nāna i nohoaliʻi ka mokupuni me ka lima hao no 31 mau makahiki, ma o ka pololei a ma o nā pelekikena pēpē. ʻO kēia wā i ka mōʻaukala politika o ka ʻāina i kapa ʻia ʻo El Trujillato a kanalua ʻole kekahi o nā dictatorship pouli a ʻoi loa hoʻi o ka sordid ma Latin America.. ʻO kāna aupuni he anti-komunist, repressive, me ka aneane ʻole o nā kūloko kīwila a me ka hoʻomau ʻana i nā kuleana kanaka, a me kahi hoʻomana hoʻomana o ke ʻano o ke alakaʻi.
- ʻO Jorge Rafael Videla. ʻO ka pūʻali koa Argentina a me ka dictator, ka mea i kū i ka mana ma 1976 ka huahana o kahi kipi kipi i hoʻokahuli i ke aupuni o ka pelekikena o Isabel Martínez de Perón a hoʻonohonoho i kahi junta pūʻali koa i ka mana, e hoʻomaka ana i ka wā kaumaha o ka National Reorganization Process, i ka manawa i nalowale ai nā tausani o nā kānaka, kāʻili ʻia, hoʻomāinoino ʻia, pepehi ʻia a hoʻomāinoino ʻia me ke aloha ʻole.. ʻO Pelekikena ʻo Videla ma waena o 1976 a me 1981, ʻoiai ʻaʻole e hāʻule ka dictatorhip a hiki i ka 1983, ma hope o ka pūʻali koa a me nā pōʻino kanaka ʻo ia ka Kaua Malvinas e kūʻē iā Great Britain.
- ʻO Anastasio Somoza Debayle. ʻO Nicaraguan dictator, koa koa a me ka mea kālepa i hānau ʻia ma Nicaragua i 1925 a i pepehi ʻia ma Asunción, Paraguay, ma 1980. Ua alakaʻi ʻo ia i kona ʻāina ma waena o 1967 a me 1972, a laila ma waena o 1974 a me 1979, ka mālama ʻana i loko o ka wā kau i ka hoʻomalu loa a paʻa loa o ka lāhui ma ke ʻano he alakaʻi o ka National Guard. ʻO ia ka hope o kahi ʻohana caste o autocrats nāna i hoʻomāinoino i ka Sandinista Revolution. ʻO ka mea nona nā ʻoihana he kanakolu a ʻoi aku ma loko a ma waho o Nicaragua, haʻalele ʻo ia a hele i ke pio, kahi i pepehi ʻia ai e kahi commando kipi.
- Mao Tse Tung Ua kapa ʻia ʻo Mao Zedong, ʻo ia ka luna nui o ka Pāʻina Komunista Kina i ka wā i hopu ʻia ai ka mana ma luna o ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa ma 1949, ma hope o ka lanakila ʻana i ke Kaua Kivila a me ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka People's Republic of China, a noho aliʻi ʻo ia a hiki i kona make ʻana ma 1976. ʻO kāna aupuni ʻo Marxist-Leninist me ka hohonu a me ka hana kolohe a me nā hana hou i kūpilikiʻi loa i kona manawa, a kūkulu i kahi hoʻomana koʻikoʻi e pili ana i kona ʻano..
- ʻO Margaret Thatcher. ʻO ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo "Iron Lady", hāʻawi ʻia iā ia i ka kaohi paʻa i nā hoʻolālā o ka ʻāina, ʻo ia ka wahine mua i koho ʻia i Kuhina Nui o Great Britain ma 1979, kahi kūlana i paʻa iā ia a hiki i ka 1990. ʻO kāna aupuni conservative a privatizing he paʻakikī me kāna poʻe mea hōʻemi, ʻoiai i loko o nā palena o ke aupuni kemokalaka. I kona wā e noho ana ua lawe ʻia kahi hoʻololi nui o ʻEnelani a ua luku ʻia ʻo Argentina i ke Kaua Falklands.
