ʻO Biomassa

Anter

• ʻO ka biomass "pono"
• Nā mea maikaʻi a me nā maikaʻi ʻole o ka biomass
• Nā laʻana o ka biomass pono

ʻO kameaolaola, i ke kālaimeaola, pili i ka huina nui o nā mea ola i loko o ke kanaka, kahi ʻā o a kaulahao meaʻai, kahi heluna kanaka a i ʻole ke kaiaolaola, i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kaupaona no kēlā me kēia nui.

Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka biomass hoʻi ka meaola i hana ʻia ma o ke kaʻina hanaola, kūlohelohe a hoʻonāukiuki paha, a me ka loaʻa ʻana i nā pono kūpono e lilo i kumu o ka ikehu i hiki ke ahi. Hiki iā mākou ke kāhea i kēia manaʻo hope loa "biomass pono", ʻoiai he kikoʻī kona wahi hoihoi i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā biofuels (nā wahie mahiʻai).

Ua lilo kēia huaʻōlelo i mea kūpono mai ka kū ʻana o nā biofuels, pono e like me kahi ʻē aʻe wahie kākāhiko a me kāna mākeke e loli ana. Aka hoi, huikau pinepine ka "meaola" i koi ʻia no ka biomass me ka mea ola, ʻo ia, me ka mea hoʻohui i ka mea ola e like me nā kumulāʻau (ʻoiai ʻo ka nui o ka ʻili e kākoʻo iā lākou ua make paha).

He kuhihewa nō hoʻi ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka huaʻōlelo meaolaola ma ke ʻano he synonym no ka ikehu hiki ua ʻōlelo ʻia he meaola ia, ʻoi aku ma mua o nā mea āpau no ka mea ʻo ka pilina ma waena o ka nui o nā meaola hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia a me ka ikehu i hiki ke kiʻi ʻia mai ia mea he loli a hilinaʻi ʻia i nā kumu he nui.

ʻO ka biomass "pono"

ʻO Biomassa lawelawe e loaʻa ka ikehu. No kēia, hoʻokumu ʻia ia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaʻina hana o palaho o nā mea ʻokanika ma lalo o nā kūlana kaiapuni i kāohi ʻia, i mea e loaʻa ai nā hoʻohui o ʻāpana uila o ka ikehu hiki, keu hoʻi i ka mana ʻana i nā ʻenekini kuni kūloko, e like me nā mea i loko o kahi kaʻa.

Hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i ʻekolu mau ʻano biomass pono:

• Biomass kūlohelohe. Hana ʻia me ka hana ʻole ʻia e ke kanaka, e like me ka hāʻule ʻana o nā lau i ka Ululāʻau.
• Biomass koena. ʻO ia ke koena a i ʻole ka-huahana o nā mea ʻē aʻe nā hana hoʻokele waiwai, e like me ka mahiʻai, holoholona, ​​ululāʻau a i ʻole ka ʻoihana meaʻai, a i ʻole ka hana hou ʻana o nā aila.
• Mea kanu ikehu. ʻO nā mea kanu holoʻokoʻa i makemake ʻia e kiʻi i nā biofuels, e kia ana ma kekahi ʻano mea kanu a mea lāʻau hua paha nona ka mana ikehu kiʻekiʻe.

Nā mea maikaʻi a me nā maikaʻi ʻole o ka biomass

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka biomass ma ke ʻano he wahie he maikaʻi a me nā ʻaoʻao maikaʻi ʻole:

• ʻOi aku ka hoʻohaumia ʻana. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia i ka aila a me nā mea i loaʻa mai, a i ʻole nā ​​lānahu, hana nā meaolaola i nā mea haʻahaʻa o CO₂ a emi ka pōʻino o ke kaiapuni, ʻoiai ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo he ʻōmaʻomaʻo maoli ia.
• Lawe pono i nā mea koena. ʻO ka hapa nui o nā mea āu e hāʻawi maʻamau ai i ka ʻōpala aiʻole popopo lapuwale, loaʻa kekahi waiwai ikehu ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me mea maka o biofuels. ʻO ia ka mea i maʻalahi a maʻalahi hoʻi e loaʻa.
• ʻAʻole maikaʻi e like me nā wahie ʻē aʻe. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i nā wahie fossil, ʻaʻole lawa kā lākou hana, no kēia manawa, kahi koho kūpono i ke alo o ka koi ikehu honua.
• Hāpai ia i nā dilemmas pono. ʻOi aku ma mua o nā mea āpau e pili ana i ka loli o ka meaʻai (ka palaoa, nā huaʻai, nā palaoa a me nā cereala) mai ka ʻoihana mai ka meaʻai a ka ikehu, ʻo ia ka mea nui i loaʻa ka wahie ma mua o ka hānai ʻana i ka poʻe pōloli.

Nā laʻana o ka biomass pono

1. Wahie. ʻO kahi laʻana maʻamau o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea ʻokanika ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka wahie e puhi ai a no laila e loaʻa ai ka wela, e hoʻomehana ai i kahi home ma o nā chimneys, a e hānai ai i ke ahi kahi e moʻa ai ka meaʻai. ʻO kēia ʻano hana mai ka wā kahiko loa a mau nō i waena o nā loina kanaka.
2. Nū a me nā pūpū hua. ʻO kēia ʻōpala o ka lawe ʻana i nā huahana meaʻai e kīloi pinepine ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpala, akā he waiwai hōʻeuʻeu hiki ʻole ke hoʻowahāwahā ʻia. I loko o nā home kuaʻāina he nui i mālama ʻia a hoʻohana ʻia e wahie i ke ahi, a i ʻole i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā aila mea kanu no ka lubricant.
3. Koena. ʻO ka meaola i koe mai kā mākou papa ʻaina ʻaʻano hiki ke ikehu, ʻaʻole wale ma ke ʻano he meaʻai no nā kaʻina hana waikawa a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka lepo, akā i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā biogas ma o nā anaerobic digestion (me ka ʻole o ka oxygen). ʻO ka koʻohune hana kēlā hōkū i kēia hana i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka methane, e like me ka mea e hana ʻia i loko o kā mākou ʻōpū, kahi mea e wela ai ka biogas.
4. ʻO Beets, kō, kōlea. ʻO nā hua momona i ke kō, e like me ke kō, beet, kulina, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka loaʻa ʻana o ka bioethanol, ma o ka kaʻina fermentation like me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka wai ʻona, ʻoiai hana ia i ka wai ʻona hydrated. Lawe ʻia ka 5% o ka wai mai ka wai ʻona i ʻōlelo ʻia a loaʻa kahi wahie hiki ke hoʻohana ikaika ʻia, e like me ka ʻaukake.
5. Nā kumu, nā koena ʻoki, nā lāʻau a me nā greens ʻē aʻe. ʻO nā sugars e like me cellulose, starches a me nā mea ʻē aʻe e mālama ʻia i ke kino o nā mea kanu ʻākoʻakoʻa hua o ka photosynthesis, i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he biomass i ke kaʻina hoʻololi kō kō e hiki ke loaʻa i nā biofuels. Hiki ke hōʻiliʻili ʻia ka hapa nui o kēia mau koena me ka ʻole o ka mōhai ʻai ʻana, no ka mea he nui nā mea kanu e pono e ʻokiʻoki, huki hou ʻia a huki ʻia hoʻi ma hope o ka hua ʻana a hoʻolei ʻia kēia mea.
6. ʻO Corn, palaoa, sorghum, bale, a me nā hua ʻē aʻe. E like me ka loaʻa ʻana o ka pia, kēia palaʻai a waiwai nui nā mea kanu i nā starches, nā mea ʻaihue paʻakikī e hiki ke loaʻa i ka bioethanol ma o ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ʻalekohola.
7. Pepeiao a pehu paha. Hoʻokahi kumu kūpono o ka biomass i loaʻa i loko o ka nui o nā lāʻau pauka i hoʻolei ʻia e nā wahī a me nā ʻoihana lāʻau e like me ia. Loaʻa i kēia lepo ka like o ka wahie me ka wahie, a me ke kumu o ka cellulose no ka loaʻa ʻana o nā kō momona i loko o nā bioalcohols.
8. Pono ka waina a me nā waina sulphured. Waina decomposed a pono koena mai kā lākou hana i kumu o biomass, ʻoiai hāʻawi lākou i nā wai ʻona mai laila mai ka sulfur dioxide (SO₂), kā lākou methanol ukana (corrosive i nā ʻenekini kuni) a i ka hopena hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e kiʻi i ka bioethanol.
9. ʻŌpala holoholona. ʻO Livestock kahi waiwai nui o nā meaola i hiki ke lawelawe ma ke ʻano he biomass, e like me ka excrement o ruminants (nona ka ʻai kūikawā o ka cellulose mea ʻai e hoʻohiki nei) a i ʻole ka momona i koe mai ka hoʻohana holoholona.
10. ʻAila koena hale. ʻO kahi kumu o ka biomass wai ka aila a mākou e kiola ai ma hope o ka kuke ʻana, ka hapanui i hana ʻia mai ka pua pua pua, canola, a me ka ʻoliva, i ka pōkole, nā huahana lau. ʻO ka hana ʻana i ka biodiesel mai iā lākou e koi i ka hana o kānana ʻia mai nā ʻōpala paʻa, nā ʻanuʻu transesterification e hoʻololi i nā triglycerides i nā methyl esters, a me ka hoʻohui o ka methanol. Ma hope o ka hoʻokau ʻana i ka pH mai ka hopena, loaʻa i ka biodiesel a me ka glycerol. Huki ʻia ka hope a hoʻohana ʻia no ka ʻoihana kopa, ʻoiai e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka biodiesel a hoʻohana ʻia me he wahie.

Hiki iā ia ke lawelawe iā ʻoe: Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka ikehu i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā