Nā ʻano o Geography

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Nā ʻano moʻomeheu kanaka
Nā ʻano moʻomeheu kino

ʻO ka kālaihonua ʻo ia ka ʻepekema e aʻo i ka papa o ka honua Honua: kāna wehewehe kino a kūlohelohe (nā hoʻomaha, nā aniau, nā lepo, nā mea ulu a me nā holoholona); kona hiʻohiʻona kiʻiona a me nā kaiāulu e noho ai. Hōʻike a wehewehe ʻo Geography i nā hanana kūlohelohe a me nā pilikanaka, pehea lākou a pehea e loli ai i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻo Geography i ʻelua mau lālā nui: ka hulihonua āpana (hoʻopaʻa i nā wahi ʻāina e like me nā ʻāina, nā panalāʻau, nā ʻāina, nā ʻāina) a me nā kālaihonua laulā, i māhele ʻia i:

Palapala ʻāina kanaka. E aʻo i nā hui kanaka, ka pilina ma waena o lākou, nā hana a lākou e hana ai a me ke kaiapuni (teritori, pōʻaiapili) kahi e noho ai lākou.E aʻo i ke kanaka a me ka pilina me kona kaiapuni. Aia pū me nā lālā like ʻole o ke aʻo ʻana, e laʻa me: moʻomeheu kanaka moʻomeheu, hulihonua kanaka ʻāina kua'āina.
Palapala honua. E aʻo i nā ʻano kino o ka ʻili o ka honua a me nā mea e hana ai: nā kūlana hoʻomaha, nā mea kanu, ke aniau. Aia pū me nā lālā like ʻole o ke aʻo ʻana, e laʻa me: kālapaʻau, geomorphology

Nā ʻano moʻomeheu kanaka

Palapala ʻāina kanaka kuaʻāina. E aʻo i nā wahi kaiāulu, kā lākou hanana, kā lākou ʻōnaehana, kā lākou hana, pehea lākou e hana ai, ko lākou ʻano o ke ola. ʻO kekahi ʻepekema e hiki ke hana pū me kēia ka agronomy a me ka economics.
Ka hulihonua kanaka o ke kulanakauhale. E aʻo i nā wahi kūlanakauhale, kā lākou hanana, kā lākou mau ʻano, nā mea e hana ai iā lākou, ko lākou ulu ʻana i ka manawa. E aʻo i ke kaona kaiāulu, ka noho kūlanakauhale o nā kūlanakauhale.
Ka hulihonua kanaka. E aʻo i nā hopena o ke kaiapuni i ke olakino o kānaka. E aʻo i nā kūlana olakino o ka lehulehu. ʻO kāna ʻepekema kōkua he lāʻau lapaʻau.
ʻO ka palapala ʻāina kanaka. Nānā ia i nā ʻano o ka halihali ʻana a me nā ala o ka lawe ʻana i loko o kahi wahi hulihonua i hāʻawi ʻia, ko lākou hopena i ke kaiāulu a me ka nohona kūlohelohe.
Hoikehonua waiwai kanaka. E aʻo i ka hana hoʻokele i loko o kekahi wahi kālaihonua. Hōʻike ia i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o ka hoʻonohonoho waiwai a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kumuwaiwai kūlohelohe.
Palapala ʻāina kanaka Sociopolitical. E aʻo i nā ʻano politika a me nā hui kaiaulu o kahi heluna kanaka, nā ʻoihana, nā ʻōnaehana aupuni.
Palapala ʻāina moʻomeheu kanaka. E kālailai i ka moʻomeheu o kēlā me kēia lāhui a i ʻole ke kaiāulu a me nā pilina ma waena o lākou.
Palapala ʻāina kanaka mōʻaukala. E aʻo i nā loli moʻomeheu i mālama ʻia e kekahi heluna kanaka a i ʻole ka ʻāina i nā makahiki.
ʻO Geography o kaʻelemakule. ʻIke pū ʻia me ka hulihonua gerontological, ʻike ia i nā hopena o ka poʻe ʻelemakule i kahi heluna kanaka.

Nā ʻano moʻomeheu kino

Climatology. E aʻo i nā kūlana anilā o kahi ʻāpana. Māhele ʻia ia i ka climatology kālailai (ʻike helu i nā ʻano o ke aniau), synoptic climatology (kālailai i ke aniau o nā wahi ʻāina nui) a me nā climatology o ke kūlanakauhale (kālailai i nā kūlana o ke kūlanakauhale.
ʻO Geomorphology. E aʻo i nā kinona o ka ʻili o ka honua. Māhele ʻia i: gevorphology fluvial (hoʻopaʻa i kēlā mau panalāʻau i hana ʻia ma muli o ke kaone a me nā kaʻina ua), nā pali geomorphology (e aʻo ana i nā ʻāina kiʻekiʻe, e like me nā kuahiwi), geomorphology o ka makani (e nānā i ka loli o ka ʻāina ma muli o ka hopena o ka makani), geomorphology glacial (hoʻopaʻa i ka ʻāina i uhi ʻia e nā wahi nui o ka hau), geomorphology climatic (hoʻopaʻa i ka pilina ma waena o ke aniau a me ka ʻāina) a me ka geomorphology hōʻeuʻeu .
Hydrography. E aʻo i nā wahi i noho ʻia e nā kino nui o ka wai. Māhele ʻia i hydromorphometry (hoʻopaʻa i nā kahawai a me nā kahawai, ko lākou ʻano, nā ana) a me ka hydrography kai (hoʻopaʻa i ka lalo a me ka ʻili o ka moana).
Kahihonua kahakai. E aʻo i nā ʻano o nā kahakai o nā kahawai, nā kai, nā kahawai, nā loko.
ʻO Biogeography. E aʻo i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā mea ola i ka wahi honua. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o ka phytogeography (hoʻopaʻa i ka flora o ka ʻāina a me nā pilina ma waena o kēia mau kānaka), ʻo zoogeography (e hoʻopaʻa haʻawina i nā holoholona o ia wahi a me nā pilina a lākou e hoʻokumu ai me kekahi me kekahi) a me ka moʻomeheu mokupuni (e aʻo ana i ka nohona holoholona a me nā mea kanu ma nā mokupuni) .
Pkālaimeaola. E aʻo i ke kumu o ka lepo ma kahi kikoʻī.
Palaeogeography. He loea ʻo ia i ke kūkulu hou ʻana i kahi i loko o nā wā kālaihonua ʻokoʻa. Māhele ʻia i ʻekolu mau lālā: paleoclimatology (hoʻopaʻa haʻawina i ka loli o ke aniau i loko o nā makahiki), paleogeobiography (hoʻopaʻa haʻawina i nā lauwili o kahi ʻāpana e pili ana i ka flora a me nā holoholona), paleadyology (kālailai i nā loli o ke kai, nā muliwai, nā loko).