12 Nā laʻana o nā Abiotic Factors - 'Ōuli

Anter

Nā laʻana o nā kumu abiotic
Hiki ke lawelawe iā ʻoe

ʻO ke kaiaolaola kahi ʻōnaehana i haku ʻia i nā hui like ʻole o ke kino a me ke ʻano o ke kino kahi e pili ai kekahi i kekahi a me ke kaiapuni. I loko o kahi kaiaolaola e loaʻa iā mākou:

Nā kumu biotic: ʻO lākou nā meaola, ʻo ia hoʻi ka mea ola. Kūpono lākou mai ka bacteria a i nā holoholona a me nā mea kanu nui loa. Hiki iā lākou ke heterotrophic (lawe lākou i kā lākou meaʻai mai nā mea ola ʻē aʻe) a i ʻole nā autotrophs (hana lākou i kā lākou meaʻai mai nā mea inorganic). Pili lākou kekahi i kekahi e nā pilina o predation, mākaukau, parasitism, commensalism, laulima a i ʻoleʻaha hui pū.
Nā kumu Abiotic: ʻO lākou nā mea āpau i hoʻokumu i nā ʻano kino-kemikal o kahi kaiaola. Pili kēia mau mea i ka pilina mau me nā mea biotic mai ka ʻae ʻana i ko lākou ola a me ka ulu ʻana. ʻO kahi laʻana: wai, ea, kukui.

Hiki ke kōkua ʻia nā kumu abiotic no kekahi ʻano laha ʻaʻole no kekahi. ʻO kahi laʻana, a pH ʻakika (abiotic factor) ʻaʻole maikaʻi no ke ola a me ka hana hou ʻana o koʻohune (biotic factor) akā ʻae no fungi (biotic factor).

Hoʻokumu nā mea biotic i nā kūlana i hiki i nā meaola ke ola i kahi kaiaolaola. No kēia kumu, ulu kekahi mau meaola nā mea hoʻopili i kēia mau kūlana, ʻo ia hoʻi, evolution evolution, hiki i nā mea ola ke hoʻololi ʻia e nā mea biotic.

I kekahi ʻaoʻao, hoʻololi nā mea biotic i nā kumu abiotic. ʻO kahi laʻana, hiki i ke alo o kekahi mau meaola (mea biotic) i ka lepo ke hoʻololi i ka acidity (abiotic factor) o ka lepo.

E nānā hoʻi: Nā laʻana o nā mea biotic a me abiotic

Nā laʻana o nā kumu abiotic

Wai: ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o ka wai kekahi o nā kumu nui e hoʻopili i ka noho ʻana o nā meaola i loko o kahi kaiaolaola, ʻoiai he mea nui ia no ke ola o nā ʻano ola āpau. Ma nā wahi i loaʻa ʻole ka loaʻa mau o ka wai, ua hoʻomohala nā meaola i hiki ke hoʻolilo iā lākou i ka manawa hou me ka launa ʻole ʻana me ka wai. Hoʻohui ʻia, pili ke alo o ka wai i ka mahana a me ka mānoanoa o ka lewa.
Kukui infrared: He ʻano kukui i ʻike maka ʻole ʻia e ka maka o ke kanaka.
Pāhawewe ʻo Ultraviolet: ʻO ka uila uila. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia. Pale aku ka ʻili o ka honua mai ka hapanui o kēia mau kukuna e ka lewa. Eia naʻe UV-A kukuna (ke kōā lōʻihi ma waena o 380 a 315 nm) hiki i luna. ʻAʻole hōʻino iki kēia mau kukuna i nā kiko o nā meaola like ʻole. ʻOkoʻa, nā kukuna UV-B ke kumu o ka lā ʻana i ka lā a me ka maʻi ʻaʻai.
Kahua: Mai ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia e pili ana i ka radiation ultraviolet, hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia ʻo ka lewa a me kāna ʻano e hoʻopili i ka ulu ʻana o nā meaola.
Mahana: Hoʻohana ʻia ka wela e nā mea kanu i ka photosynthesis. Hoʻohui ʻia, no nā meaola āpau aia ka maximum a me ka palena iki o ka mahana o ka nohona e hiki ai iā lākou ke ola. ʻO ia ke kumu i hoʻololi ai ka honua i ka mahana ma muli o ka luku ʻia o nā ʻano mea like ʻole. ʻO ka meaolaola kapa ʻia ʻo Extremophiles hiki ke ʻae i nā mahana wela loa.
ʻElepa: Hoʻopilikia ka ʻikepili i ka ea i ka ulu a me ke olakino o nā meaola. ʻO kahi laʻana, inā he kalapona monoxide i ka lewa, weliweli ia i nā meaola āpau, e like me nā kānaka. Hoʻopili pū ka makani, no ka laʻana, ka ulu ʻana o nā mea kanu: nā kumulāʻau e noho i nā wahi i loaʻa ka makani pinepine i ke ala like e ulu kekeʻe.

Kukui ʻike ʻia: Pono ia no ke ola o nā mea kanu, ʻoiai ke komo i ka hana photosynthesis. Hāʻawi ia i nā holoholona e ʻike a puni iā lākou e hana i nā hana like ʻole e like me ka ʻimi ʻana i ka meaʻai a pale ʻana iā lākou iho.
Kalipuna: He mea ia i loaʻa i ka pulu o ka honua akā i loko o ka wai kai. He mea nui ia no nā mea biotic: ʻae ia i ka hoʻomohala maʻamau o nā lau, nā aʻa a me nā hua i nā mea kanu, a i nā holoholona he mea nui ia no ka ikaika o nā iwi, i waena o nā hana ʻē aʻe.
Keleawe: ʻO ia kekahi o nā metala i hiki ke loaʻa ma ke ʻano ma kūlana maʻemaʻe. Hāpai ʻia ma ke ʻano he cation. I nā mea kanu, komo i ka hana photosynthesis. I nā holoholona, loaʻa ia i nā hunaola ʻulaʻula, komo i ka mālama ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko, nā aʻalolo, nā ʻōnaehana pale a me nā iwi.
Nitrogen: Nā kinona 78% o ka lewa. Hoʻokomo pololei ʻia nā legume mai ka lewa. Hoʻohuli ke koʻohune iā ia i nitrate. Hoʻohana ʻia ka Nitrate e nā meaola like ʻole e hoʻokumu i ka protein.
Oxygen: ʻO ia anei mea kemika ʻoi aku ka nui i ka nuipa a ka meaola, ʻo ia hoʻi, ke kai, ka ea a me ka lepo. He mea abiotic ia akā ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia e kahi mea biotic: nā mea kanu a me nā limu, mahalo i ke kaʻina photosynthesis. ʻO nā meaola aerobic nā mea e pono ai ka oxygen e hoʻololi i nā meaʻai i ka ikehu. ʻO nā kānaka, no ka laʻana, he meaola aerobic.
Kiʻekiʻena: Ke kālaihonua, ana ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe o kahi wahi me ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i kona mamao kaulike mai ka pae kai. No laila, ke hōʻike nei i ke kiʻekiʻe, hōʻike ʻia ia, no ka laʻana, 200 m.a.s.l. (mau mika ma luna o ka pae kai). Hoʻopili ka kiʻekiʻe i nā mahana ʻelua (hoʻemi i nā kekelē 0.65 no kēlā me kēia 100 mika o ke kiʻekiʻe) a me ke kaomi ea.