Anter
ʻO nā ʻano ʻōlelo Dialect (a i ʻole nā ʻano ʻōlelo) he mau idioms a i ʻole nā idioms e hōʻike ana i nā hui like ʻole o ka poʻe ʻōlelo i kahi ʻōlelo, me ka nīnau ʻole ʻole i ka lokahi linguistic o kā lākou ʻōlelo. O kahi laʻana: Pā Kahawai, ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, Riojan.
Hāʻawi ʻia nā ʻolelo āpau ma ke ʻano he conglomerates nui o nā ʻano dialect, pili i ka nohona a me ka moʻomeheu o nā poʻe i hoʻohana i kēia mau ʻōlelo. A laila, nā Dialect, nā ʻano āpana a i ʻole ka modalities i hōʻike ʻia ai kahi ʻōlelo.
Hiki iā lākou ke nui, keu hoʻi i nā ʻōlelo e like me Paniolo, i ʻōlelo ʻia ma nā wahi ākea a mamao loa o ka honua. Ma kēia ʻōlelo, ʻaʻole wale he mau mea nui ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka Paniolo o ʻAmelika a me ko Sepania, akā ʻike ʻia nō hoʻi nā ʻano ʻano ʻōlelo ʻē aʻe i loko o Sepania ponoʻī a ma waena hoʻi o ʻAmelika.
Hana ʻia kekahi mea like me ka ʻōlelo Mandarin Chinese (ʻo ka mea maʻamau i kapa ʻia ʻo "Kina" a ʻōlelo ʻia e ka mea ʻaʻole i emi ma lalo o 836 miliona mau kānaka), ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo Standard Mandarin (ʻōlelo ʻia ma Beijing) a me nā ʻano ʻōlelo ʻē aʻe i ʻōlelo ʻia i nā wahi ʻē aʻe, e like me Yángzhōu, ka ʻO Xīʻān, ʻo Chéngdū a me Língbǎo.
ʻO kekahi mau kumu o ka hānau ʻana i ka loli i ka loli ka hopena i loaʻa i ka poʻe ma kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻōlelo linguistic a me ka hoʻokaʻawale teritori e hoʻoulu pinepine i nā loiloi ʻokoʻa.
ʻO nā loea i ke kālaihonua ʻōlelo ka mea nāna e kālailai i kēia mau kaʻina hana. ʻAʻole ia i manaʻo ʻia he hana maʻalahi e hoʻokumu i nā palena o kēia mau ʻano, ʻoiai nā linguistic phenomena e wehewehe ana i nā kikoʻī o kēlā me kēia ʻano o ka loli ākea a, pinepine, ʻaʻole ʻokoʻa loa i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe o ko lākou kumu.
ʻO nā ʻano ʻōlelo ʻē aʻe:
- Pōʻino (a i ʻole ka ʻōlelo pili kaiāulu). Pili ia i ka strata kaiaulu a i ʻole nā pae o ka ʻike o ka ʻōlelo (ʻano ʻokoʻa o ka moʻomeheu, ʻōlelo kūpilikiʻi, ʻōlelo pelapela), a ʻo ia ka mea i hoʻopili ʻia i ka hiʻohiʻona sociocultural o ka mea haʻi ʻōlelo.
- Diaphase (a hana paha). Nānā i ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka ʻōlelo ma nā pōʻaiapili like ʻole e pili ana i ka hana o ke kamaʻilio.
Hiki iā ia ke lawelawe iā ʻoe:
- Lexicon āpana a me ka lexicon hanauna
- Kūloko (mai nā ʻāina like ʻole)
Nā laʻana o nā ʻano dialect
ʻO nā laʻana ʻewalu ma lalo iho nei e kūlike i nā wahi like ʻole o ka Penikala Iberian, nā mea ʻelima e ukali nei he mau ʻano like ʻole o ka Kepania i ʻōlelo ʻia ma ʻAmelika; ʻo nā hiku hope loa he mau dialect of Ikalia 'ōlelo ʻia i nā wahi like ʻole o Italia:
- Navarrese
- Riojano
- Extremeño
- Murciano
- Andalusian
- Kanaria
- ʻO Manchego
- Aragonese
- ʻO Rioplatense
- Caribbean
- ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa
- Andean
- Amazonian
- Piedmontese
- Friulan
- Tuscan
- Romanesco
- Umbro
- Kalepona
- Campano
- E ʻike i nā laʻana hou aʻe i: Nā laʻana o nā dialect
