Anter
ʻO ka poʻe amphibians ʻO lākou nā holoholona vertebrate, ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo nā vertebrates mua i hala i ka wai mai ka ʻāina nui. Eg. toad, rana, salamander.
I ka wā ma mua, ua hōʻike nā amphibians i kahi hui nui o nā holoholona, no ka nui o nā ʻano i kū a no ka nui o ko lākou kino. Eia nō naʻe, ua loaʻa hope ʻia e nā mea kolo, a ua hoʻoliʻiliʻi ʻia kēia pūʻulu i kekahi mau ʻano.
Ua manaʻo ʻia nā Amphibians i ala mai iʻa ma kahi o 360 miliona mau makahiki i hala, a ua ulu aʻe nā mea kolo ma hope mai iā lākou, a ʻo ia ka mea i ulu aʻe i nā mammal a me nā manu o kēia lā.
Nā laʻana o nā amphibians
- Pepeʻa maʻamau
- Palaka nui
- Salamander
- Triton
- Paka ʻawahia
- Pana o Nu Zilani
- Pahu Seychelles
- Paki lāʻau
- Pana pua polū
- ʻO Axolotl a i ʻole ajolote (salamander Mekiko)
- Cecilia
- ʻO Salg flatfoot salamander
- False newt jalapa
Nā ʻano Amphibian
Loaʻa i nā Amphibians ka ʻili ʻōlohelohe, hanu ma nā gills a ʻaʻohe o lākou mau wāwae i ka wā ʻōpio; ke lilo lākou i mau mākua hanu lākou i waena o nā akemāmā a ʻehā mau wāwae me ka membrane interdigital.
Hoʻohui ʻia, hele lākou i ka metamorphosis, ʻo ia hoʻi, hele lākou i nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o ke ola, ʻekolu ka nui:
- ʻO kēlā o huamoa
- ʻO ka larval (o ka hanu kani)
- ʻO ka makua (o ka hanu hanu).
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo lākou wale nō ka vertebrates e hana i ka metamorphosis.
Kekahi hiʻona:
- Hiki i nā amphibians makua ke noho i ka wai a i ʻole ka ʻāina (ola semi-terrestrial), hiki i nā larva ke noho wale i ka wai.
- Hanu nā Amphibians ma o ka ʻili (hanu cutaneus), e hoʻomaʻū i ka ʻili a pale i ka desiccation, loaʻa iā lākou nā glands kahi e hūnā ai lākou i ka mucus.
- He holoholona lākou no nā mea kūwaho a i ʻole kūwaho a me ka oviparous.
- ʻAʻohe o lākou huluhulu a unahi ʻole.
- ʻAi lākou i nā mea kolo, nā ilo, nā slug, a me nā nananana; a me nā mea ʻai a mea ʻai liʻiliʻi paha, a me nā iʻa a me nā ʻūpē.
- Ke haʻahaʻa loa ka mahana o waho, hoʻomau lākou i ka hana ʻole, a ola pinepine i ke ʻano mālama o nā momona a lākou i hōʻiliʻili ai i loko o kā lākou kino.
- ʻO kēia nā holoholona e ʻōpala i kā lākou meaʻai me ka wāwahi ʻole ʻana ma mua.
- He kino ko lākou, ʻo ka cloaca, kahi e lawelawe ai ma ke ʻano he puka puka wale me ka hana mimi a me ka hānau.
Hoʻokaʻina
ʻEkolu mau kauoha a i ʻole papa o nā amphibians:
- Gymnophiona a i ʻole apode (me ka ʻole o nā lālā)
- Caudata a i ʻole caudates (me ka huelo)
- Anura a i ʻole anurans (nā rana a me nā toads).
Ua manaʻo ʻia aia kekahi 4,300 mau ʻano amphibians e ola nei i kēia lā, akā ma ke ala he hui olaola ia nona ka heluna kanaka e emi nui ana no kekahi manawa i kēia ʻāpana, ma muli o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ko lākou wahi maoli a me ka loli.
