10 Nā laʻana o ke Aupuni Monera - 'Ōuli

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Nā laʻana o ke Aupuni Monera
Nā ʻano
ʻIke hou aku?

ʻO nā aupuni o ke kūlohelohe nā mahele e ʻae i ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i nā mea ola e kōkua i kāna aʻo ʻana a me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana.

ʻO nā aupuni kūloko ʻelima:

Aupuni Vegetal (Plantae): He mau meaola hiki i ka photosynthesis, ʻaʻohe o lākou hiki ke neʻe a loaʻa i nā paia o ka cellulose cell.
Aupuni Kahua holoholona (Animalia): ʻO lākou nā meaola i hiki ke neʻe, ʻaʻohe o lākou paia paia, heterotrophic a hoʻomohala ʻia mai nā embryos.
aupuni fungi: ʻO lākou nā meaola e neʻe ʻole a loaʻa i nā paia o ka cell chitin.
aupuni protist: Nā meaola me ke kūkulu pūnaewele like me nā holoholona, nā mea kanu a me nā fungi (ʻeaola eukaryotic) akā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i loko o nā aupuni ʻē aʻe.
Aupuni Monera: Nā meaola i hana ʻia e nā hunaola prokaryotic.

ʻO ke Aupuni Monera kahi wale nō kahi e loaʻa ai nā meaola prokaryotic. I nā aupuni ʻehā ʻē aʻe i hoʻohui ʻia nā meaola eukaryotic.

ʻO ka nā pūnaewele ʻO nā Eukaryotes nā mea i loaʻa i kahi nucleus ʻokoʻa, ʻo ia hoʻi, hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kā lākou waiwai mai ka cytoplasm e kahi membrane nuklea. Hōʻike nā pūnaewele i ka DNA manuahi i ka cytoplasm.

I ke aupuni Monera ʻike mākou i nā meaola kokoke wale nō unicellular e like me bacteria a archaea paha.

Nā laʻana o ke Aupuni Monera

ʻO Escherichia coli: Phylum: proteobacteria. Papa: gammaproteobacteria. Kauoha: enterobacteriales. ʻO ka bacillus Gram-maikaʻi ʻole e hopena i nā maʻi gastrointestinal.
Lactobacillus casei: Māhele: firmicutes. Papa: Bacilli: Kauoha: Lactobacillales. Loaʻa nā bacteria bacteria anaerobic maikaʻi i loko o ka ʻōpū a me ka waha o nā kānaka. Hana i ka waikawa lactic.
ʻO Clostridium tetani: Mahele: Firmicutes. Papa: clostridia. Kauoha: clostridiales. Huʻi koʻohune maikaʻi, spore-making and anaerobic. Loaʻa ia i loko o ka gastrointestinal tract o nā holoholona. Kuhi ia i nā maʻi nui i nā kānaka, no ka laʻana he maʻi tetanus.
ʻO Clostridium septicum: Mahele: Firmicutes. Papa: clostridia. Kauoha: clostridiales. ʻO ka bacteria bacteria anaerobic maikaʻi. Kuhi ia i nā maʻi i loko o ke kanaka e like me abscesses, grangrene, neutropenic enterocolitis, a me sepsis.
Chlamydia (chlamydia): Māhele: chlamydiae. Kauoha: chlamydiales. Gram maikaʻi koʻohune e kumu i nā maʻi i hoʻoili ʻia i ka moekolohe.
ʻO Clostridium botulinum: Mahele: Firmicutes. Papa: clostridia. Kauoha: Clostridiales. Loaʻa ʻo Bacillus i ka honua. Ma muli o kāna metabolism, hana ia i kahi toxin i kumu i ka botulism.
Sorangium cellulosum: Mahele: Proteobacteria. Papa: deltaproteobacteria. Kauoha: Myxococcales. ʻO nā koʻohune maikaʻi ʻole. ʻO ia ka genome i ʻike nui ʻia i ka maʻi bacteria.
Serpulina (bachyspira): Māhele: spirochaetes. Papa: spirochaetes. Kauoha: spirochaetales. ʻO nā koʻohune Anaerobic e parasitize ai i nā kānaka.
ʻO Vibrio vulnificus. Māhele: proteobacteria. Papa: gammaproteobacteria. Kauoha: vibrationales. ʻO ka bacillus hoʻomanawanui i ka paʻakai, no laila hiki ke holomua i ka wai kai. He pathogen ia no ke kanaka, ʻo ia hoʻi, he kumu ia no nā maʻi. He maʻi koʻohune Gram-maikaʻi ʻole ia.
ʻO Bifidobacteria. Māhele: actinobacteria. Papa: aktinobacteria. Kauoha: bifidobacteriales. Aia ka koʻohune loaʻa i loko o ke kolona. Komo lākou i ka digestion a hoʻemi i ka hanana o nā maʻi āpau, a ʻoi aku ka pale ʻana i ka ulu ʻana o kekahi mau tumors.

Hiki iā ia ke lawelawe iā ʻoe: 50 mau laʻana mai kēlā me kēia Aupuni

Nā ʻano

ʻAʻohe o lākou mau organelles: i ka hoʻohui i ka nele o kahi cell nucleus, ʻaʻohe o lākou plastids, mitochondria, a i ʻole kekahi ʻōnaehana endomembrane.
Meaʻai: hānai lākou ma osmotrophy, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻānai lākou i nā meaola e osmosis o nā mea i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ke kaiapuni. Hiki i kēia hānai ʻana ke:
- Heterotrophic: hānai lākou mea ʻokanika mai nā meaola ʻē aʻe. He saprophytes lākou inā hānai lākou ʻōpala; nā parasites inā lākou e hānai i nā meaola ola a i ʻole symbiotic inā hoʻokumu lākou i kahi pilina me kahi kino ʻē aʻe kahi e pono ai nā mea ʻelua.
- Autotroph: hoʻomohala lākou i kā lākou meaʻai ponoʻī ma o photosynthesis a i ʻole chemosynthesis.
Ka Hoʻohuli Oxygen Huli: ʻAʻole hoʻohana nā meaola āpau i ke aupuni Monera i ka oxygen no kā lākou metabolism. Kāhea ʻia ka poʻe e hoʻohana ana i ka oxygen he aerobes a ʻo nā mea pono ʻole e kapa ʻia he anaerobes.
Hoʻohua: ʻO ka mea nui ia asexual e ka ʻāpana binary. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻohe mitosis.
Locomotion: Hiki i kēia mau meaola ke neʻe mahalo i ka flagella.
DNA: Hoʻohālike ʻia ia e like me kahi pae huila a manuahi i ka cytoplasm.